Oromiyaa baldhoo qoqooduuf shira wayyaaneen itti turtee fi jirtu. Nutoo gochaa diinaa kana bifa kamiin hubachaa jirra?

July 14, 2013 at 7:50 am · Gadaa.com

Camadaa Hundee irraa*

Wayyaaneetti mataa dhukubbii guddaa kan itti ta’ee jiru keessaa, baayyina ummata Oromoo fi baldhina dachee oromiyaa ti. Wayyabummaan oromiyaa fi ummata Oromoo xiqqeessuuf jecha eega aangoo qabattee kaastee shira dhuma hin qabne oromiyaa keessatti dalagdee jirti. Haata’uuti garuu shirri TPLF kun akka isheen barbaadetti dhugoomufii tasa hin dandeenye. Qorqalbii oromiyaan baldhoodhaa fi ummati Oromoo biyyatti keessa wayyaba jedhu balleessuuf jecha heeraa fi seera ofii tumatte dahoo godhachuudhaan ummta Oromoo irratti daba dhiifama hin qabne irratti hojattee jirti. Shira wayyaaneen hojataa turtee fi ammas itti jirtu amma tokko kaasanii ilaaluun eddu gaarii dha.

Shirri wayyaaneen inni guddaa fi angafti ummata Oromoo hooggana dhabsiisuu dha. ummati Oromoo kabajamaa fi guddaan kun hooggana argannaan akka murna bicuuf ajajamaa fi saamamaa yeroo hunda hin jiraanne sirnaan beeku. Kanaaf jecha adda durummaan fedhaa fi hawwii ummata Oromoo kan hoogganu dhaaba siyaasaa beekamaa fi namoota qoroo ta’an ummata Oromoo dhabsiisuun toftaa TPLF isa duraati. Kana dhugoomsuuf yeroo dheeraaf itti dhama’aa kan turte kallacha ummata Oromoo kan ta’e ABO dhabamsiisuu ykn dadhabsiiuu kan jedhu tarsiimoo guddaa qabdi. ABO sammuu ummta Oromoo keessaa haquun akka laayyotti akka hin danda’amne sirnaan waanta beekaniif jecha dhaaba kana dadhabsiisuu kan jedhu toftaa gara garaatti dhimma bahan jiru.

Dhugaa dubbachuuf ABO ummata Oromoo biratti abdii fi mallattoo eenyummaa Oromoo ta’e tasa dhabamsiiuu ykn maqaa balleessuun karaa diinaatin akka hin danda’amne TPLF sirnaan hubattee jirti. Haata’uu garuu dhaaba kana diinni kan dadhabsiise irra kan ofii isaatiin of tolchetu dadhabbii guddaa itti ta’e. hoogganni ABO yeroo gara yerootti shiraa fi toftaa diinaa yaada keessa galchuun, rakkoo keessa isaa bilchinaan fala itti kennaa deemuu dadhabuun isaa, diinaaf karaa bane jira. hoogganni dursee waanta hunda xiinxalee fala yoo itti kennuu dadhabe, diinni dursee dhimma itti baha. Kan yeroo dheeraa argaa turree fi argaa jirrus kanuma. Kanaaf dadhabbina keessa dhaaba keenyaa (ABO) diina komachuu irra dadhabbina mataa keenyaa jennee of amansiisuu qabna.

Dubbiin ABOn akkamitti haala diinaaf mijatu keessa isaatti dhalche kan jedhu ammaaf turfachuun, gochaan TPLF Oromoo hooggana dhabsiisuuf dhama’aa turteef garuu gumaacha kennee jira. TPLF jaalatus jibbitus sammuu Oromoo keessa ABO haquu tasa hin dandeenye. Garuu dadhabbina mataa keenyaa fi yeroon rakkoo qabsoo keessatti numudate fala itti kennaa deemuu dhabuun keenya diinaaf karaa saaqee jira. kanaaf wayyaaneen dadhabbina keenyatti dhimma bahuudhaan toftaa Oromoo hooggana dhabsiisuu jedhu amma tokko itti gargaaramtee jirti. TPLF soda guddaa kan irraa qabu ABO waan ta’eef akka rakkoo keessa isaan xaxamee yeroo dheeraa turu gochuu keessatti qooda guddaa qabdi. Garuu rakkoo ABO keessatti yeroo dheeraaf tureef maddi isaa tasa wayyaanee miti. Maddi isaa rakkoolee dhaaba mudatan bilchinaa fi beekumsaan dursanii hubachuun fala itti kennuu dadhabuu keenya ta’a. kanaaf ammoo qooda guddaa kan qaban hoogganoota ABO kan turanii fi kan ammas itti jiran ta’a. sanas ta’ee kanas hawwii fi toftaa diinni keenya barbaaduuf gumaacha guddaa taasifnee jirra. Ammas taanaan kan irraa baratamuu qabuu fi bilchinaan keessa dhaaba keenyaa ilaallee, xiinxallee, haala siyaasa addunyaa fi naannoo barree, kan kaleessaa fi kan egeree sirnaan qorannee, dadhabinnaa fi jabina keessa dhaaba keenyaa irra dibaa tokko malee adda baafannee, ilaa fi ilaameedhaan rakkoo harkaaa nuqabdutti fala ni soqna yoo ta’e, ammas haalli mijataa dha. yaadaan diina keenya caallee argamuu qabna. Waanta diinni keenya yaadu dursinee beekuun barbaachisaa dha. kana ni raawwanna taanaan shiraa fi toftaa TPLF Oromoo hooggana dhabsiisuuf dhamaatu yeroo gabaabaa keessatti irra aanna.

TPLF Oromoo hooggana dhabsiisuuf kan ABO irratti xiyyeefatte akkuma jirutti ta’ee, dhaabbilee siyaasaa ABOn ala jiranis xiyyeefannnaadhuma wal fakkaatee kenniteefii jirti. Dhaabbilee maqaa Oromootiin socho’an hunda isaanii hooggana cimaa dhabsiisuu keessatti duula guddaa irratti raawwattee jirti. Kan maalaqaan keessaa bitachuu dandeesse sirnaan dhimma itti baatee jirti. Kan maalaqaa fi fayidaa gara garaan hin gowwoomne ammoo maqaa shororkeessaa jedhuun mana dhidhaatti naqxee jirti. Kaan dhoksaan ajjeestee jirti. Kuun akka baqatee biyyaa bahu taasistee jirti. Dhaabbilee siyaasaa Oromoo kamuu keessatti hoogganni qaroo fi eenyummaa saba isaa hubatu akka hin biqille of eeggannoon irratti hojattee jirti. Waggoota 22n darban kana hojiin guddaa TPLF Oromoo hooggana dhabsiisuu dha.

Toftaan TPLF Oromoo hooggana dhabsiiuu jedhu kun, dhaabbilee maqaa siyaasaan socho’an duwwaa otoo hin taane, dhaabbilee hawaasaa Oromoo (civic society) gara garaa keessattis kanuma raawwachaa turte. Waldaa barsiisota, barattootaa, daldaaltotaa, hafooshaa, beektotaa Oromoo fi caasaalee dhimma Oromootti dhiheenya qaban hunda keessatti hoogganni cimaan akka hin maddine roga hundaan itti hojachaa as geesse. Dhaabilee hawaasaa Oromoo kan biyya keessa jiran duwwaa otoo hin taane, kan biyya ambaa keessatti ijaaraman illee bifuma kanaan hooggana muldhata qabu dhabsiisuu keessatti gahee guddaa taphachaa jirti.

Ammas TPLF Oromoo hooggana dhabsiisuuf dhaabbilee siyaasaa fi hawaasaa Oromoo gara garaa keessatti duwwaa otoo hin taane, kan ofiif ijaarrattee fi akka projeetii mataa isheetti kan dhimma itti bahaa jirtu OPDOs imaamatuma kanaan masakaa jirti. OPDO keessatti dhalataan Oromoo dhimma Oromoof quuqama qabu akka hin biqille dursitee keessatti hojattee jirti. Akkuma ta’an ta’anii namootiin dhaaba OPDO kana keessatti biqilan yoo jiraatan yeroodhaan bakkaa kaasu. Ilmaan Oromoo quuqama sabaa qaban battalumatti bakkaa ka’u. OPDO keessatti tasgabbiin akka hin argamneef hoogganni dhaabbataa akka hin jiraanne godhu. Yoo attam baayyate OPDO keessatti namni tokko waggaa shan (5) walitti aansee bakka hooganaa tokkoo tura. Sana booda maqaa gara garaan akka bakka gadi dhiisu taasifama.

Kan biraa OPDO keessatti namootiin sababaan yaadanii fi waa hubatan akka bakka argatan hin eeyyamamu. Yeroo hunda namoota Oromoo biratti kabajaa fi hulfina hin qabne, akka bakka olaanaa argatan godhama. Sababni isaa namootiin ummata biratti fudhatama hin qabnee fi eenyummaa isaaniitiif dantaa hin qabne (identity crisis) ummata irraa qoollifachuun TPLFf amanamoo ta’u. ajajaa fi fedhii TPLFf malee, Oromoof quuqama hin qaban. Kun ta’uun isaa TPLFf ilaalcha warraaqsaa ti. Ilaalchi warraaqsaa OPDO keessatti akka dagaagu barbaadamuu fi dagaagsaa jiran, ilaalcha Oromoo jibbisiisee TPLF jaalachiisuu ti. Ilaalcha Oromoo saamsisee TPLF duroomsuu ti. Ilaalcha gadaantummaa ti. Kanaaf TPLF namoota akkanaaf bakka guddaa qabdi. OPDO keessatti haalli yeroo ammaa jirus kanuma. Kun ta’uun isaa ammoo Oromoo hooggana dhabsiisuuf imaamata TPLF duruma harkaa qabduu dha.

TPLF Oromoon akka hooggana qaroo hin qabaanne kan taasiftuuf wayyabummaan Oromoo akka Oromoon of irratti hin beekneef. Akkuma amma argaa jirru, parlamaa TPLF keessatti sagaleen 180n kan Oromoo ta’ee otoo jiruu, sagalee TPLF kan 32 ta’e akka barbaadetti waanta barbaade Oromoo irratti murteessa. Sirna kamuu keessatti muldhatee hin beeku. Sagaleen 180n yeroo sagalee 32n ajajamu ammam namoota of walaaloo fi saba keessaa bahan dagatan namatti muldhisa. Parlamaa TPLF keessatti kan amma OPDO sagalee qabu hin jiru. Garuu kan akka OPDO sirna TPLF keessatti waanta tokko illee murteessuu hin dandeenye OPDO dha. OPDOn ammuma saba Hararii, Beenshangul fi somalee illee dhimma naannoo isaa irratti waa murteessuu hin danda’u. Harariin mooraa dallaa tokko keessa jirtu, yeroo oromiyaa irraa gandoota kornootan lakka’aman irraa fudhatan, yeroo Somaleen oromiyaa irraa humnaan ganda fudhattu, yeroo Beenshagul Oromoo irraa ganda duwwaa otoo hin taane, aanaa irraa guuratuu fi ajjeesu, OPDOn afuura raafuu baafachuu hin dandeessu. Kun hundi akka ta’uti kan tolche TPLF. Kanaaf TPLF Oromoo hooggana dhabsiisuuf halkanii fi guyyaa hojachaa turte amma tokko itti milka’aa jirti.

Kana hunda TPLF kan raawwatuuf aangoo siyaasaa, dinagdee fi tikaa ummati Oromoo na barbaachisa jedhee akka hin yaannee fi hin gaafanneef. Aangoo murteessoo kana irraa Oromoo moggeessuun TPLFf hojii guddaa dha. bittaa sirna bicuu itti fufsiisuuf TPLFf haalli kun murteessaa dha. kanaaf Oromoo hooggana dhabsiisuun bara bittaa TPLF kan dheeressuu dha.

Yeroo ammaa kana TPLF gara sadarkaa lamataatti ceetee jirti. Wayyabummaa Oromoo karaa humna namaan dadhabsiisuu fi oromomaan dagatee jira jedhanii waanta yaadaniif amma gara dachee oromiyaa qoqoduutti cehanii jiru. Oromiyaan dachee baldhoodha ilaalchi jedhu adeemsa keessa akka dadhabuuf amma yoonaa kan itti hojachaa turan, yeroo ammaa gara gulantaa guddaatti ceesisanii jiru. Yeroo ammaa oromiyaa handhuura dhabamsiisuu fi oromiyaa bakka lamatti qooduuf hojii guddaa raawwachaa jiru. Oromiyaa eerga finfinnee maleeyyee taasisanii booda amma garuu, oromiyaa bahaa fi lixatti kutuuf karoora baafatanii sochii duraa jalqabanii jiru. Yeroo gabaabaa keessatti oromiyaa giddu galeessaa balleessuuf hojii guddaa fi karoora bara dheeraa baafatanii itti jiru.

Giddu galeessi qaama oromiyaa miti kan jedhu sammuu namaa keessatti uumuuf jecha shira ammeenyaan guutame dalagaa jiru. Akka karoora bara dheeraa TPLF dhoksaan qopheessee jirutti, giddu galeessa oromiyaa keessatti saba gara garaa irraa dhufee fi dhalataa naannoo isaanii qubachiisuuf karoora fixatanii jiru. Finfinnee irraa amma kilo meetira 100ti naannoo federaalaa jala akka galuu fi adeemsa keessa qubataan dhaloota naannoo kan ta’e, Oromoon akka buqa’u taasisuuf karoorfatanii jiru. Akka karoora isaaniitti waggaa 50 dhufu naannoon Amaaraa karaa Manzee jiru Adaamaa qabatee akka Finfinneetti dhaabbatu, naannoon kibbaa ammoo waliso qabatee akka finfinneetti dhaabbatu karoorfatanii jiru. Haaluma kanaan Oromoon giddu galeessaa dhaloota tokko booda ni bada jedhanii yaadanii jiru. Karoorri waggaa 5 dura oromiyaa irraa kutanii godina addaa naannoo finfinnee jedhaa turan yeroo ammaa kana guutummaatti gara federaalaatti akka galuu fi finfinnee irraa amma KM 100 magaalonni jiran maqaa guddinaa fi invesimeentii jedhuun akka adeemsa keessa fedaraala jalatti bulan karooraan itti deemaa jiru. Magaalaa Jimmaa, Adaamaa, baatuu fi Mojoon akka federaala jala galan ammumaa kaasanii irratti hojachaa jiru.

Kana hunda TPLF kan raawwachaa jiru, Oromoo hooggana dhabsiisuun kan itti milkahee dha. ummata Oromoo fi oromiyaa dadhabsiisuu keessatti sirnooti nafxanyaa fi TPLF tumsa tokkoon hojachaa jiru. Kanaaf Oromoon haalli keessa jirru eddu suukaneessaa dha. dubbiin dubbii boruuf jedhan miti. Haalli harkaa nuqabu, haalaan jajabduu dha. atakaaroo fi siyaasa booddessaa keessaa baanee egeree keenyaaf kan ta’u yaaduun murteessaa dha. kan boru hojannu boruuf bulfannee kan ardhaa irratti xiyyeeffachuu qabna. Abjuu fi miiraan dhiibamnee wal dhiibuu keessaa baahuu qabna. Haalli amma keessa jirru yeroo Bilisummaa, Walabummaa, Birmadummaa, dimokraasummaa, itiyoophummaa jennee atakaroo wal qabnu natti hin fakkaatu. Yeroon isaa yeroo akka sabaatti dhabamuuf deemnu waan ta’eef dhimma oromummaa irratti waliin hojachuu, tumsa waliif ta’uu, kan kaleessaa irraa barannee kan boruuf waliin hojachuu, ilaa fi ilaameen wal dhagahuu qabnuu dha. mooraa qabsoo Oromoo tasgabbeessuuf hoogganni jiru bilchinaan yaaduu gaafata. Siyaasa “karaa cabeen haa yaasa” jedhu keessaa bahuun yeroon isaa amma natti fakkaata. Atakaaroon siyaasaa, mooraa qabsoo Oromoo keessaa qabbanaahuu qaba. haalli keessa jirru murnaaf, naannoof, gosaaf, ………… yeroo itti yaadnee maqaa qabsootiin kakannu natti hin fakkaatu. Hundee eenyummaa keenyaatti dadhabbina keenya irraa kan madde haala suukanneessaatu as deemaa jira.

Haala fuundura keenya jiru ija banannee ilaaluun dirqamaa fi imaanaa hunda keenyarra jiru. Seenaa darbe walitti kaasaa isaan wal qoccoluun haala amma irra jirru kanaaf fala miti. Haala amma irra jirruuf fala kan ta’u, haala kaleessa keessa turre (jabinaanis ta’ee dadhabbinaan) bilchinaan xiinxallee haala amma numudateef bifa fala ta’uun kaahuu qabna. Yoo kana hin goone diinni keenya nucaala fagoo deemee jira. diinni keenya nurratti humna baayyifachaa jira. yeroo diinni nurratti humna isaa baayyisaa jiru kana keessatti mooraan qabsoo Oromoo ammoo, haala diinni dhalchaa jiru caaluu qaba. roga hundaan tokkummaa fi eenyummaa saba keenyaa jabeeffachaa deemuun hunda dursuu qaba.

Ololaaf jecha dhugaa harkaa nuqabdu walitti himuu irra wal dhokasaa, wal mooksaa, fakkeessaa, inijannoo lafarra hin jirre waliif labsaa, waan hin jirre dubbachaa, amilee hin jirreen wal sosobaa deemuun waanta tokko illee bu’aa hin qabu. hadhahus haqa lafa jiru walitti himuu fi wal barsiifachaa deemuun bilchina. Yoo dhugaa walitti himne malee dhugaa hargachuu tasa hin dandeenyu. Dhibeen keenya waanta biraa ta’ee otoo jiruu fayyaalessa fakkaannee deemuun ammam akka numiidhee jiru kan darbe irraa barachuun beekumsa.

Akka amma argaa jirrutti, nama lamas ta’anii sadiis ykn dhibbaa fi kumas ta’anii dhaaba siyaasaa dhaabbachuun, olala walirratti oofuun, marsaa intarneetaa dhuma hin qabne banachuun, raadiyoo maqaa gara garaa qabu garuu kan rakkoo qabsoo Oromoof fala tokko illee hin akeekne baayyifachuun, maqaa gara garaatiin qabsoo Oromoo moggaafachuu……. Kkf yeroo ammaa kennaa teknologii ta’ee jira. Kun baayyachuun ammeenya miti. Garuu fafa kan ta’ee jiru hundi isaaniituu haqa lafarra jiru wal akeekuu irra, haqa aguuguu irratti xiyyeefachuu isaanii ti. Haala kana keessaa bahuun murteessaa dha. haalli kun uumamuun isaa humna mooraa qabsoo keenyaa akka malee dadhabsiisee jira. diinaaf ammoo madda jireenyaa ta’ee jira. fafi kana caalu hin jiru. Diinni keenya akka dhaadannooti kan qabatee jiruu fi nutis gargaaraa jirru “Oromoon tasa tokko ta’uu hin danda’u, akka salphaatti walirraa fageessuun ni danda’ama” jecha jedhu dhugoomsaa jirra. Kun haqa lafa jiruu dha. tarii namootiin ykn gareen tokko tokko haqa lafa jiru kana fudhachuuf ni rakkatu ta’a. ykn rakkoo kana kan dhalche “ebelu, garee akkanaati, duri jennee turre, otoo ebelu jiraachuu baatee, ……” jedhanii quba namatti qabuu malu. Garuu abbaan rakkoo kanaa hunda keenya. Ani qulqulluudha kan jedhu tarii rakkoolee dhalataniif madda guddaa ta’ee argamuu mala. Kanaaf rakkoon kun kan hunda keenyaa eega ta’ee falli mana hunda keenyaa jira. falli isaa ammoo haqa lafa jiru kana of amansiisuu dha. rakkoon jiraachuu fi qaama rakkoo kanaa ta’uu keenya hundi keenya of amansiisuu dandeenyaan, falli mana keenya hundaa waanta burquuf yeroo gabaabaa keessatti qabsoo keenya furgaasuu dandeenya. Fala rakkoo nama dhuunfaa ykn garee biraa irraa kana eegnu ykn abbaa rakkoo nama dhuunfaa ykn garee tokko goonee kan hubannu yoo ta’e, ammas dammaqaa hin jirru.

Dhuma irratti shira diinaa irra aanuu fi egeree saba keenyaa karaa sorooroo irra buusuuf falli nuti qabnu haqa lafa jiru ija banannee ilaaluu dha. haqa lafa jiru hubachuu dandeenyaan fala argachuuf salphaa dha. jabina qabnu akkuma jirutti ta’ee xiyyeeffannaan keenya dadhabbina yeroo ammaa harkaa nuqabu sirnaan hubachuu qabna. Uumama namaa ta’ee akka salphaatti dadhabina qaban fudhachuun nama rakkisa. Kun dhimma nama dhuunfaa miti. Dhimma sabaa ti. Dhimmi sabaa dhimma dhuunfaa oli. Akka sabaatti rakkoo keenya ilaaluun guddina siyaasaa ti. Dhimmi dhuunfaa fi garee dhimma sabaa keessatti olaantummaa ni qabaata taanaan, yoom iyyuu rakkoo keenya hiikkachuu hin dandeenyu. Sababni isaa dhimmi sabaa dursa argachuu irra dhimma nama dhuunfaa fi gareetu dursa argata. Dhimma dhuunfaa fi garee ammoo tokko kan biraa mo’achuun dhugoomsuuf tattafatama. Kun qabsoo Oromoof kufaatii yoo dhalchaa deeme malee tasa fala hin ta’u. kanaaf dhimma garee fi dhuunfaa keessaa baanee dhimma sabaa aanfachuun baayyee murteessaa dha. ummata Oromoo birattis kabajaa fi ulfina kan argannu yoo dhimma garee fi dhuunfaa keessaa baanee dhimma sabaa anfannee dha. dhimma sabaa kan hunda keenyaa yoo taasifanne, hundi keenya injifataa dha. kan injifatamu ilaalcha diinaa fi diina duwwaa dha. dhimma dhuunfaa fi garee yoo anfannee, maqaa qabsoon kakachaa deemna yoo ta’e, hundi keenya injifatamoo dha. kana gareenis ta’ee dhuunfaan beekuu qabna.

Haala amma mooraa qabsoo Oromoo keessatti uumamee jiru kana yeroo gabaabaa keessatti gara injifannoo fi ciminaatti geeddaruuf falli nuti qabnu ilaa fi ilaameedhaan fuundura walitti dubbachuuf wal danda’uu dha. wal danda’uun bifa sadaiin raawwachuu ni dandeenya jedheen yaada. Tokkoffaan ilaalchaa fi galii siyaasaa tokko dhaabbileen, garee fi namni dhuunfaan qabu alduree tokko malee bifa ifa ta’een walitti baquu dha. inni lamataa ammoo ilaalcha siyaasaa gara garaa qabaatanii galii tokkoof dhaabbileen, garee fi namni dhuunfaan socho’aa jiru adda waloo (front) uummachuu dha. inni sadaffaan galii siyaasaa tokko qabaachuu baatanis diina waloo irratti ijjannoo fi murtee tokko qaamotiin qabaatan, tumsa waloo uummachuu dha. kana gochuun yeroo dheeraa fi alduree gara garaan wal takaalee diinaaf yeroo kennuun barbaachisaa miti. Ammuma yeroo fudhachaa deemu diinaaf humna ta’ee nuuf ammo qaama dadhabbinaa uumaa deema. Kana gochuuf murannoo fi bilchina akkasuma beekumsa siyaasaa nu gaafata. Yoo diina ta’e malee Oromoon haala kana mormuu fi maaliif gootan jedhu tasa hin jiru. Dhaamsii fi fedhiin Oromoo yeroo hunda tokkummaa dha. tokkummaa diina keenya nurraa haphisu. Tokkummaa mooraa qabsoo Oromoo daandii injifannoo qabsiisu ta’uu qaba.

* Camadaa Hundee: camadaa@gmail.com

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Hayyudureen ABO Jaal Daawud Ibsaa Ummanni Oromoo Rakkoo Ulfaataan Qabamuu Ibsuun,Waamicha Qabsoo Dabarsan

July 14, 2013By Qeerrooin Oduu/NewsLeave a comment

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Virtue of Secularism for Oromiyaa

By Ibsaa Guutama*

Oromo are one nation. They had democratic past from time immemorial. Historically, Oromiyaa had one religion. That religion did not interfere in the affairs of the state. In the same manner, the state did not interfere in exclusively religious matters. That did not mean that there was no support for each other. Both political (Luba) and religious(Qaalluu) institutions had areas of cooperation in cultural and ritual matters. But, secularism had given the nation an overall guidance in times of peace and war. True, Oromo did not only respect religion, but was also known for its tolerance of difference in thoughts. Discussing our heritage helps us understand our present. So, we should not lend our ears to evil wishers who intend to divide us.

With time, we will certainly find the way that suits all of us. The more we inquire and look at our surrounding critically, the more we develop consciousness about ourselves and the world we live in, then we realize the value and love we owe to our fellow Oromo with whom we have common country and common kaayyoo of liberation. Then, we also come to understand in depth the essence of Oromummaa. Oromiyaa is a land of many religions. Therefore, it has no better alternative than adopting secularism, if the nation has to survive in unity. Following, we shall try to see what we mean by it, and the advantage it can have for Oromo society.

By secularism, we mean noninterference of religion in the affairs of the state – be it administration, public education or other political affairs. In the same token, the state has no business to interfere in individual activities of religious concern. In short, it means faith is one’s own while the state belongs to all in common. That is based on the principle that the country belongs to all people under the state irrespective of what religion they prophesy. And, each individual has freedom of thought and is subject to his or her conscience alone. If one religion is entertained as a state religion, the state can have bias against all others. That, in turn, affects all rights of individual citizens.

During the days of emperors of Ethiopia, theTawaahidoo religion and the state were inseparable. The state provides the arms, and the church the guiding ideology. For its service, the church was given a third of the land. That means, it was a shareholder in the stake of the country. After the emperor, the church and the state were separated, and more or less, the privileges of the church were stopped. But, the interference of the state in church affairs continued to this day. The influence the state had in firing and appointing heads of the church can be cited as an evidence. Though the state declared itself a secular state yet, it has extended its intrusion to other religions as well. First, it banned the association ofWaaqeffataa. Now, interfering in the Muslim religion, it has provoked unforeseen protest ever.

Many Ethiopianist activists seem to bring to memory the old maxim, “Christian island in a heathen and Muslim sea.” Their problem is inability to integrate history and democracy. Some still take the Orthodox Church, the tricolor banner, and theHabashaa state as their sacred institutions. For this reason, they failed to develop a different outlook from that of their fathers. For non-Habashaa, the Habashaa “sacred” are symbols of their downfall, carried by the colonizer when marching to subdue them. To push them forward at this time helps only to widen the gap between peoples rather than breaching it. The church and the state together oppressed and exploited farmers who were their kin. They later together colonized free people to their south and mercilessly robbed them. A formation of secular state after the revolution of 1974 was thought to give some hope. The church is now a private spiritual institution run by believers supposedly, not a partner of the state. The church, instead of remaining a partner to the state, started to depend on contributions of those who followed it on their own free will. Previously, it lived on forced contributions of other believers. That has to be remembered.

The concept of modern secularism was probably introduced in western Christian countries. It seems that it originated from shortcomings of divine laws in responding to demands of developments in knowledge and technology. When discussing secularism, one has to bear in mind that it does not mean atheism. All citizens, including rulers, have freedom of thought and the right to worship in any manner they like. State law protects that right without discrimination.

That will be possible only if the state does not entertain any religion in particular. The state sanctions no religion; that means, there is no state religion or the state does not become religious. Religion has to be kept out of governance in a multi-religious state, but should be protected for individuals. Freedom of association is the right of all groups, including religious groups.

Inhabitants of a country face several problems in their worldly life. They need to solve such problems together. Advancement in technology, environmental developments, protection against disease, hunger and the elements require worldly methods like scientific researches. Religious tools are different for different religions, and are for advancement of individual spiritual well-being. They are not common to all inhabitants of the land. Therefore, for people’s material life difficulties, a common – all encompassing – method is required. Secularism advocates good for the advantage it gives to all members of society on this earth without any exclusion. In religion, good is advocated more for the benefit it has for the life after death. Therefore, to claim our country together, to develop common economic life, language and culture, we have to have laws common to all of us.

We can learn from history on how theocratic states persecuted the minority for heresy or apostasy. And, also how many scientists and philosophers ended on the stake or beheaded? We do not want that to be repeated. Under a secular democratic state, individual and minority rights are protected. Advancements in science and other fields of knowledge are encouraged. There will not be discrimination for creed, gender, race or color. Everyone has the right to be treated equally without discrimination and pursue any trade, religion or discipline of one’s choice.

Coming to Oromiyaa, it is hoped that all nationalists will be on the same page in their struggle for independence and against tyrannical rule. Together, they will make sure that all individual and group rights, including those of religion of fellow nationals, are not interfered with by any external or internal force. The abuse of individual rights should be taken as an abuse against the written and unwritten constitution of the nation.

Except Waaqeffannaa, all Oromo religions have people of the same faith outside Oromiyaa. Groups may try to enroll the external help for internal discordance. If that happens, it could lead to unending international tag of war that can be catastrophic for the survival of the nation. Therefore, it is incumbent with each national to act responsibly in matters of national integrity and sovereignty. Their innocent utterances could be misinterpreted and open a loophole, through which saboteurs could sneak in. They may even require to study in depth what their faith teaches. To borrow from the words of the Bible (Mathew 22:15-22) “Give back to Caesar what is Caesar’s and to God what is God’s.” A similar version is cited from Hadith (en Wikipedia.org, Islam and secularism) “If a question relates to your worldly matters, you would know better about it, but if it relates to religion, then to me it belongs.” Those are said to be words of the Holy Prophet. Some analysts smell sanctioning of secularism in both quotes.

Theoretically, all those that prophesy religions that originated in the Middle East are said to be brothers, and no boundary line should separate them. In reality, no country has spared another because they had similar religions. Evidences are the history of European and Arab countries. The Arabs would not have attacked another Arab country in coalition with Christians. The same with Europeans. For all, national interests came first. Nationalism has so far overcome even the most aggressive internationalism of the communists that promised good life for all working peoples of the world. Our national interests to live in a stable peaceful environment, and maintain control over our resources and defending our sovereignty should be our common primary objective. OnlyOromummaa will be our guide to achieve that.

Present Oromiyaa, we said, is the land where there are different faiths. No faith is superior to the other. The Oromo have struggled for their birth rights since they were colonized. They were denied their human rights, which include individual, civil and political rights. Their religions were relegated to second-class or to nonexistent. Their relentless struggle has forced the Ethiopian state to accept secularism in which there is no state religion or a religious state. For a nation, to live in peace is indispensable to be stable. In Oromiyaa, their rallying cry for freedom and independence isOromummaa. Oromummaa is the Oromo world outlook of liberation that takes all human beings as equals, and takes no any group as superior to any other. The Oromo society, like many others, has different groups – be them social, religious, tribal or ethnic. To administer all these with justice, equality and without discrimination, there must be a body of laws that governs them separate from their religious dogmas and group ethos. For that, the secular method is a panacea.

Now, at a time when we are struggling for our independence and when all odds are against us, to raise a sectarian debate is no less than a distraction, for that matter, a sabotage. It is not only being denied our legitimate rights to implement our right to national self-determination, but our rights of worship and expression are being muffled by the enemy. Be them rights of individuals or groups, all belong to our people, and to protect them is our common concern. No right denied to a citizen makes freedom of the nation complete. Therefore, we have to condemn together the interference of the empire state in citizens’ right of worship. We also oppose any suggestion that takes this as a pretext and try to mess up with our national integrity. Let it be also known that any utterance that refers to the Oromo nation as a“gosa” is taken as contemptuous and so unfriendly. The recent solidarity meeting in Minneapolis for our compatriots struggling back home has to be appreciated. For this writer, the speech made by the young Oromo Jawar Mohammed is appropriate for the occasion. But, different people may give different interpretation to any speech or writing; all are entitled to their opinion. But, any comment should have addressed the issues, not the person. In that way, we can learn from each other’s strong and weak points. These issues have far-reaching consequences and must be handled without any bias or idiosyncrasy. Unless the speech is evaluated line by line, point by point, and is based solely on an unbiased stance against the speaker, it could lead one to a mistaken conclusion. Let all have genuineness and tolerance towards each other. Let us give priority to our beloved Oromiyaa’s interest. Our struggle for an independent homeland and free people shall continue. Hand in hand, till victory, withOromummaa!

* Source: Gubirmans Publishing

>gadaa

Oromiyaaf Gaarummaa Amantalaa

Ibsaa Guutama irraa*

Oromoon saba tokkicha. Dubbee demokraatumma yeroo hin yaadatamne kaasanii qabu. Akka seenaatt Oromiyaan amantee tokkicha qabdi turte. Amantichi dhimma finnaa keessa hin seenu. Akkasumas finnaan addatt dhimma amantee waan ta’e keessa seenuun safuu ture. Sana jechuun bakki itt waldeggeran hin turre jechuu miti. Dhaaboti Lubaa fi Qaallu aadaa fi hoodaan bakka walitt dhufan qabu. Haata’u malee yeroo nagaa haa ta’u lolaa amantalummaan (ilaalchi amantee alaa) masaka waliigalaa sabichaaf kennaa ture. Oromoon dhugaa, amantee ulfina kennuu fi adda addumaa yaadaaf wal danda’uun beekama. Dhaalmaa ofi irratt mari’achuun haala amma keessa jirru qayyabachuuf nama gargaara. Kanaaf kanneen hamaa nuu hawwanii fi gargar nu qooduu fedhaniif gurra qeensuu hin qabnu. Deemsa yeroo keessa kan nuu tolutt akka baanu mamii hin qabnu. Yoo iyyaafataa deemnuu fi naannaa keenya qeeqaan laallutt kaanu, caalaatt of baruu fi addunyaa keessa jirruu hubachuu eegaluun, nafii fi jaalala lammii keenya Oromoo, waliin biyya waloo fi kaayyoo bilisummaa tokko qabnuuf waan baafnuuf akka ofirraa qabnu qayyabachuu eegalla. Achumaan annisaan Oromummaa gadifageenyaan nuugalutt ka’a. Ammaaf, Oromiyaan biyya amantee hedduutii. Tokkummaa see eeggattee jiraachuuf amantalummaa guddifachuu malee filmaata biraa kan qabdu hin fakkaatu. Kanatt haansinee sun mal jechuu akka ta’ee fi anjaa Oromiyaaf qabaachuu danda’u ilaaluu haa yaallu.

Amantalummaa yeroo jennu hala amanteen dhimma gara bulchaa, barumsa ambaa yk dhimma malbulchaa biraa ilaalu keessa hin galle jechuufi. Akkasuma finnaanis dhimma amantee ilaalu keessa galuu hin qabu jechuu dha. Gabaabaatt amanteen kan abbaa, finnaan kan walii tahuu fudhachuu jechuu dha. Sun akeeka, garagarummaa amanteen jiru utuu hin laalin, biyyattiin kan namoota finnicha jala jiranii hundaati jedhu irrati bu’uurfama. Tokko tokkoon namaa, mirga bilisummaa yaadaa, kan seexaa saa qofaan masagamu qaba jechuu dha. Yoo amanteen tokko fo’amee akka amantee finnaa ta’u godhamee, finnichi jara hafan hunda irratt dhiibbaa tolaa hin taane gochuu danda’a. Sunimmoo mirgoota nambiyyaan qabu hunda tuqa.

Bara nugusa nugusoota Itiyoophiyaa, finnaa fi amanteen Tawaahidoo gargar hin jiran turan. Finnaan hirree yeroo gumaachu amanteen ilaalcha masagaa kenna ture. Kanaaf amantooti hafan baras hangam akka gadi ilaalamaniif itt cobamaa ture ni yaadatamaa. Olaantummaa amantee tokkoon amantoota biraa irratt lamuu akka roorrifamu kan barbaadu jira hin fakkaatu. Tajaajila saafi amanteen Tawaahidoon mootota waliin angoo fi qabeenya hirmataa jiraate. Nugusicha duuba amantee fi galmastaanni (church) seeraan gargar bahan jedhame. Qabeenyi saas akkuma qabeenya dhaabota biraa kan finnaa ta’e. Keessaayyuu finnaan dhimma galmastaanaa keessa galuu hin dhiisne. Muudammii fi ari’amuun matoota amantichaa sanaaf ragaa dha. Sun mirga bilisummaa yaadaa tuquu jechuu dha. mirga sana irra ejjennaan amantalummaan gar tokkoon haalame jechuu dha. Dursee Waldaa Waaqeffannaa cufee. Amma amantee Islaamaa keessa harka galfachuun mormii kanaa dura argamee hin beekne kaasee jira. Abbaan hirree eenyuunu kophaatt hin dhiisu.

Itophistooti qasaawota ofiin jedhan hedduun jecha “Laaqii Kiristinaa garba awaamaa fi Islaamaa keessaa” jedhu qaabachuutt kan ka’an fakkaata. Rakkinni saanii seenaa fi demokrasii wal fudhachiisuu dadhabuu dha. Kaan ammayyuu amantee Tawaahidoo , faajjii halluu sadanii fi finnaa Habashaa ulfoo ta’uutt fudhatu. Kanaaf abboolii saanii irra ilaalcha addaa guddifachuu hin dandeenye. Habashamitii hundi wanti habashaaf “ulfoon” isaaniif mallattoo kufaatii saanii kan Habashaaan qabachuuf fudhatee itt duule ta’uu hin irraanfatani. Yeroo amma yaada dulloomaa fulduratt dhiibuun kaarra gidduu saanii jiru dhiphisuu irra kan baldhisuu ta’a. Moototi fi galmistanni qoteebulaa firoota saanii ta’an hacuucaa fi qorqaa jiraatani. Booda biyyoota kibba saanii jiran koloneeffatanii gara laafina tokko malee waliin saamaa turani. Warraaqsa 1974 duuba finnaa amantalaan uumamuun hedduu abdachiisee ture. Galmistannis miiltoo finnaa tahuun hafee gumaacha amantoota saan jiraachuutt ka’uutu himama. Duratt gumaacha amantoota biraan jiraata akka ture kan irraanfatamu miti.

Rimsammi amantalummaa ammayyaa tarii biyyoota Kiristinnaa Dhihaatiin eegalame ta’a. Akka fakaatutt sana kan maddisiisee serri ayyaanaa gaaffilee guddina beekumsaa fi teknoloojiin ka’an deebisuuf hanqina qabaachuu dha. Yeroo waa’ee amantalummaa dubbannu kan nammuu beekuu qabu amantalummaan amantee dhabuu yk waqanqabnee jechuu akka hin taane. Nambiyyooti hundii fi bulchooti saanii bilisummaa yaadaa fi mirga akka fedhaniti uumaa saaniif hoo qubaa galchu qabu. Seerri finnaa faanfana malee sana kabachiisa. Sun kan danda’amu yoo finnaan addati amantee tokko hin mararfanne. Finnaa demokraatawaan amantee kamuu galmeessuu malee hayyama kennuu tahitaa hin qabu. Sana jechuun amantee finnaa kan jedhamu hin jiru, finnaanis amantee qabachuu hin danda’uu jechuu dha. Biyya amante hedduu qabu keessatt amanteen malbulchaa keessa seenuu hin qabu; garuu abba tokkootaaf amanteen kabachiifamuu qaba. Bilisummaan waldaan qixaawuun, mirga murnoota hundaa kan murnoota amantees dabalatuu.

Ilmoon namaa jireenya addunyaa kanaa irratt rakkina hedduutu isaan mudata. Rakkinoota akkasiifi laguu malee waliin furmaata soquutu irra eegama. Teknoolojiin guddachuu, misa naannaa, dhibee, beela fi qilleensa hamaa irra of eeguun, oguma addunyaa kana irraa, kan akka qormaata mirkanbeekawaa gaafata. Meesharkaan amantee ayyaanawummaa jireenya abba tokkootaa gabbisuu qofaaf dhimma baasa. Jiraattota biyyichaa hundaaf kan waloo miti. Kanaaf rakkina waatattaa namootaa furuuf mala waloo hunda haammatu barbaachisa. “Dansummaan, akka amantalaatt kan madaalamu anjaa inni garagarummaa malee miseensota hawaasaa hundaf kennuuni. Amanteef garuu “dansummaan” kan madaalamu tolaa inni jireenya du’a duubaaf argamsiisuuni. Finnooti amantee akkamitt murnoota bucuu gantummaa fi adda ta’uun fixaa akka turan seenaan galmeesseera. Ogeeyyii, beekotaa fi raagoti meeqa fannoo ibidaa irratt akka gubatanii fi akka mormi irra qela’ma tures dhageenyeerra. Finnaa demokratawaa jalati garuu mirgi abba tokkootaa fi murnoota bucuu seeraan eegama. Guddinni mirkanbeekii fi dirree beekumsaa hundi ni jajjabeeffama. Amantee, saala, sanyii fi bifaan faanfanamuun hin jiratu. Hundi walqixxummaan ilaalamuu, akkasumas hojii, amantee fi barumsa barbaade hordofuuf mirga qaba.

Waaqeffannaa malee amantooti Oromiyaa keessa jiran hundi kanneen walfakkaatan alaa qabu. Murnooti waldhabdee keessaaf, alaa tumsa galmeeffachuu ni yaalu ta’a. Sun taanaan balaa jireenya sabichaa dorsisu kan sabgidduu garasii fi garanatt walharkisiisuu dhuma hin qabne fiduun ni mala. Kanaaf tokko tokkoon sabboonota tokkummaa fi mo’ummaa sabichaa waan ilaalu irratt kan hojjetaniif abbawumaa fi itt gaafatama akka qaban hubachuutu irra eegama. Wanti isaan qulqullumaan afaanii baafatan akka hamaatt furamee qaawwaa hankaaksitooti keessa luuxan uumuu dandaha. Utuu yaada dheedhiin gad hin bahin waan amanteen saanii barsiisu sirritt hubatanii bilcheessuun dansa. Waa’ee seera jireenya lafaa irrat wanti raagoti jedhan jira ta’a. Qooqota Macaafa qulqulluu irra ergifachuuf (Matewos 22:15-22) “Egaa mootichaaf kan fudhachuun ta’u kennaa; Waaqayyoofis kan fudhachuu isaaf ta’u kennaa! ” jedha. Haddis irraas barruu walfakaataan dhahameera (en Wikipedia.org, Islam and secularism). Yoo gaaffin tokko hariiroo kee biyya lafatt ejja ta’e ati waa’ee saa caalaatt beekta, garuu you hariiroo amanteett ejja ta’e kan kiyya ta’a.” Sun qooqta Raajicha Qulqulluuti jedhama. Namooti sana lachuu akka amantalummaa hayyamanitt fudhatan jiru.

Yaadaanmaliin, amantee Baha Gidduu maddanitt kan bulan hedduun nuti obbolaa dangaan gargar nu hin baafne jechuu yaalu. Dhungaan saa garuu amantee tokko qabna jedhee kan walii hilee hin jiru. Seenaan Awuropaa fi biyyoota Arabaa kanaaf ragaadha. Arabooti Kirstinnota irra goranii biyyoota Arabaa hin rukutan turani. Awuropotis akkasuma. Hundaaf fedha saba saaniitu dura dhufaa. Sabboonummaan, hanga yoonaa sabgiddummaa buubaa koministotaa kan jireenya gaarii hojjetaa addunyaa hundaa wareegu irrayyuu haanee jira. Akeeki waloon qabnu inni bu’uuraa fedha sabummaa keenya kan naannaa tasgabii fi nagaa qabu keessa jiraachuun, madda qabeenya keenya too’annee mo’ummaa keenya irraa hamaa ittisuu dha. Sana bakkaan gahachuuf Oromummaa qofatu masagaa waloo nuu kenna.

Oromiyaan biyya amantoota hedduuti jenneerra. Amanteen tokko kan biraa hin caalu. Oromoon erga qabamanii mirga saanii dhalootaaf qabsaawaa jiru. Mirgoota saanii kan mirga abba tokkee, noolaa fi malbulchaa dabalatu haalamaa jiraatani. Amanttoti saanii sadarkaa lammaffatt yk hamma hin jirreeti gadi buufamani. Qabsoo walirraa hin citneen, mootummaan Itiyoophiyaa amantee finnaati kan jedhu addati akka hin qabaanee fi finnichis amantee akka hin qabne fudhachuu dirqisiisani. Amantee kan qabu nama qofa. Sabi tokkoo nagaa qabeessaa fi tasgabbaawaa ta’uuf sun barbachisaa dha. Oromiyaa keessatt walabummaa fi bilisummaaf, akka waliin dhaabbatan kan godhu Oromummaa dha. Oromummaan ilaalcha addunyaa Oromoon bilisummaaf qabu kan Ilmoon namaa hudndi walqixxee fi eenyuu, eenyuu ol akka hin taane fudhatu. Jaalbiyyummaan qabsaawotaa Oromummaa keessaa madda. Hawaasi Oromoo akka hawasa hallee hawaasoma haa tahu, amantee, gosa yk lammoomaan murnoota adda addaa qaba. Hunda qajeeltuu, walqixxummaa fi faanfana malee bulchuuf, seerri yadcichaa amantee fi hooda murnootaa ala tahe, jiraachuu feesisa. Sanaaf falli saa amantalummaa dha.

Yeroo bilisummaa keenyaaf qabsaawaa jirru fi wanti halle nuun mormaa jiru kana waa’ee murneessaa afarsuun karaarraa nu maqsuu yk nu hankaaksuu abbalu gaditt hin laalamu. Mirga hiree saba ofii ofiin murteeffannaa hojiirra olfachuu qofa osoo hin ta’in, mirgi keenya amantee fi bilisummaan yaadaa ukkaanfamaa jira. Mirga abba abbaa haa tahani kan murnootaa Oromiyaa keessaa hunda waliin hamaa irraa ittisuun nu ilaala. Mirgi nambiyyaa tokko illee yoo haalame bilisummaan sabichaa guutuu hin ta’u. Kanaaf finnaan empayeraa mirga amantee nambiyyoota keenyaa keessa seenuu waliin balaleffachuutu nurraa gaafatama. Kana sababfachuun kan dhimma tokkummaa keenyaa keessa lixanii laaquu barbaadanis ni sokkaana. Jechii saba Oromoo akka gosaatt dhiheessuu aggaamu, jecha tuffii agarsiisu, kan firummaa barbaadu akka hin taanes hundaan beekamuu qaba. Walgahiin tumsaa ummata keenya muslimotaa qabsoo irra jiruuf, Meniyapolisitt dhiheenya ta’ e kan dinqisiifamuu qabu. Haasaan dardara Oromoo Jawaar Mohammediin hasawamee akka barreessaan kun hubatutt kan hala jiru waliin deemu. Yabboo kam irratuu maalummaa Oromummaa akka dhagahamutt himuun sabboonaa carraa sana argate irra kan eegamu. Garuu nammi hundi waan hasawamee fi barreeffamu irratt furaa ofii kennuun hin hafu; yaadi abbaa hin dhorgamu. Haa ta’u malee qeeqi kamuu namichatt osoo hin ta’in qabate irratt xiyyeeffachuutu irra jiraa. Yoo sun ta’e dadhabinaa fi jabina keenya irraa wanti barruu fi walbarsiifnu ni jiraata. Qabateen kun itt baha fagoon gahan waan qabuuf wal ciiga’aa fi miira ofii alatt ilaalamuu qaba. Haasicha sararaa sararaan, tuqaa tuqaan kanatu bade, sanatu tole jennu malee dubbataa ciicachuu qofa irratt yoo darbatame nama dogoggorsa. Ol adeemaa keenya akki itt busheessinuu fi jajjabeessinu malamuu qaba. Hundi dhugummaa fi danda’ummaa waliif haa qabatu. Durfannoo fedha Oromiyaa jaallannuuf haa kenninuu. Qabsoon keenya biyya walabaa fi ummata bilisaa itt fufa. Hanga bilisummaatt harka walqabannee haa jogaanu.

* Source: Gubirmans Publishing

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Ethiopia calls for dialogue as political turmoil escalates in Egypt

July 13, 2013 (ADDIS ABABA) - Ethiopian Prime Minister, Hailemariam Desalegn, on Friday urged Egyptian authorities to engage in national dialogue to defuse the deadly political crises in the North African nation.

While expressing regret over recent deadly incidents in Egypt, the Ethiopian Prime minister urged all concerned Egyptian parties to exercise restraint and avoid any further provocation or escalation of violence.

The Ethiopian Prime minister, who also is Africa Union (AU) chairperson, called on Egyptian leaders to promote peace, stability and development.

He further called on them to engage in an all-inclusive dialogue so as national reconciliation is maintained.

"He [Hailemariam] called upon all Egyptians to act responsibly and peacefully, to cooperate in an inclusive process involving all political groups in a spirit of responsiveness, cooperation and partnership", the premier’s spokesperson, Getachew Reda, said last night.

Earlier this month Egypt, in its second revolution; saw the ouster of its democratically elected leader, Mohamed Morsi, after he served in office only one year.

However Morsi supporters still continue their protests demanding his reinstatement as a legitimate leader of the country.

Dozens of protesters have been killed and many others injured in the ongoing clashes with Army.

The 54 member continental bloc, the Africa Union (AU), has condemned the overthrow of Morsi and warned to suspend the state from membership in accusations of constitutional violation by the Army.

"The Egyptian army’s removal of Morsi was in violation of the provisions of the Egyptian constitution and falls under the AU doctrine on unconstitutional changes of government", AU chief, Nkosazana Dlamini Zuma said in a statement issued on 4 july.

REGIONAL IMPACT

The Ethiopian Prime Minister further said political instability in Egypt will negatively impact the entire region, and also adversely affect peace and stability of the continent as a whole.

He said that "it was in the interests of Ethiopia, as well as of all Egypt’s neighbors, that there should be peace and stability in Egypt".

While calling on all Egyptian leaders to do their level best to prevent further violence, Hailemariam said that Ethiopia is following up the situation closely and he pledged his country would extend every necessary support to end to the chaos.

The Prime Minister went on to saying that the future of Egypt, can and should only be determined by the Egyptian people.

EGYPT-ETHIOPIA RELATIONS

Despite recent verbal confrontation between Egypt and Ethiopia over the construction of a new dam on the Blue Nile, the premier reiterated that Ethiopia would always remain a friend of Egypt and the Egyptian people.

Relations between Cairo and Addis Ababa deteriorated in June after Egypt threatened to take military action over the construction massive Hydro power plant - Grand Renaissance dam - which Ethiopia is building.

Ethiopia which is the source to over 85% of the Nile water resources downplayed Egypt’s threat saying it was only "psychological warfare" and further said Egyptians leaders won’t take military action as an option unless "they are out of their minds"

The East African nation further warned it was ready to defend any attack on its territory.

Egypt insisted the dam’s construction would reduce its water share granted under pre-colonial era treaty.

In his latest statement Hailemariam said "We are committed to continuing peaceful and mutually beneficial relations with the Egyptian people, and fully supported their aspirations for democracy, development and dignity".

"Ethiopia believes, as it has demonstrated on numerous occasions, that dialogue and discussion provide the necessary way forward to resolve disputes whether external or internal. It is also a near neighbour and deeply involved in the development of a mutually beneficial relationship with all the states in the Nile Basin including Egypt. It believes that all the riparian states will continue to work together to provide peaceful solutions to all current problems", the statement further said.

(ST)

>sudantribune