ETHIOPIA: Relentless government violence on Oromo students and nationals continues, says human rights organization

August 27, 2014
While fresh arrests and detentions, kidnappings and disappearances of Oromo nationals have continued in different parts of the regional state of Oromia following the April-May crackdown of peaceful demonstrators, court rulings over the cases of some of the earlier detainees by courts of the regional state are being rejected by political agents of the governing TPLF/EPRDF Party. The renewed violence by government forces against Oromo nationals started particularly following what was termed as “Lenjii Siyaasaa” (literally meaning “political training”) that has targeted Oromo Students of higher educational institutions and has been going on in the past two weeks in different parts of Oromia.

Although the agendum for the “Political Training” was said to be “the unity of the country,” it instead has become an opportunity of carrying out further screenings and arrests of students, as around 100 more students have so far been arrested from Ambo University campuses alone and sent to a remote, isolated military camp called Sanqalle, leaving families and friends in fear in regards to the safety and well-being of the students in particular, not to mention the disruption of their studies. The arrests were made following the students’ protest of their confinement into the campuses during this so call “Political Trianing,” and the demand that the killers of their fellow students be brought to justice prior to discussing “unity.” Also, five students of Wallaga University, from among those who were gathered for the same purpose of “Political Training,” were kidnapped on the 22^nd of August 2014, and taken away in a vehicle with plate number 4866 ET; and their whereabouts are not known since then. HRLHA correspondents have also traced another fresh arrests and detentions of around 100 Oromo nationals in a small town called Elemo, Doranni District in the Illu Abba Borra Zone. It took place on the 14^th of August 2014; and Waqtole Garbe, Sisay Amana, Tiiqii Supha, Ittana Daggafa, Badiru Basha, Kamal Zaalii, Rashiid Abdu, Zetuna Waaqoo, Daggafa Tolee, Adam Ligdii, Indush Mangistu, Dibbeessa Libaan, and Ofete Jifar were a few among those detainees in Elemo Prison.

More worrisome and frustrating is agents of the federal government’s interference with regional and local judicial systems. More than one hundred students and other Oromo nationals, from among the thousands who were detained following the April-May nationwide protest, have been granted bails in local courts of the regional government of Oromia. These include 64 detainees in Dembi Dollo/Qellem, 10 in Ambo, 40 in Sibu-Sire and Digga District. But, all the court decisions were overruled by political officials representing the federal government. The Dembi Dollo/Qellem detainees in particular were granted bails four times, only to be turned down by political officials all the four rounds. On the other hand, there have been some cases in which prison terms ranging from six months to a year-and-half were imposed on the Oromo detainees, not in courts, but by those representatives of the federal government. Also, some independent lawyers complain that they were threatened by officials from the ruling party; and, as a result, refraining from representing the Oromo detainees. Usual as it has been in the past fifteen or so years, this case of interfering with and disobeying court rulings indicates that the case of these most recent Oromo detainees is purely political.
The Human Rights League of the Horn of Africa (HRLHA) calls upon the Ethiopian Government to refrain from harassing and intimidating students through such extra-judicial means as killings, arrests and detentions, and denials of justice after detention; and instead, facilitate conducive teaching-learning environments. HRLHA also calls upon the Ethiopian Government to unconditionally release the detained Oromo students and other nationals; and, as requested by their fellow students, bring to justice the killers of innocent and peaceful protestors during the April-May crackdown.

BACKGROUNDS:

The Human Rights League of the Horn of Africa (HRLHA) has reported (May 1^st and 13^th, 2014, urgent actions, HumanRightsLeague.com) on the heavy-handed crackdown of the Ethiopian Federal Government’s Agazi Special Squad and the resultant extra-judicial killings of 34 (thirty-four) Oromo nationals; and the arrests and detentions of hundreds of others.

Although the brutalities of the armed squad and the resultant fatalities happened to be very high in Ambo Town, the peaceful protests by Oromo students of different universities and faculties have been taking place in April and May in various towns and cities of Oromia, including Diredawa and Adama in eastern Oromia, as well as Jimma, Mettu, Naqamte, Gimbi, and Dambidollo in western Oromia.

The Oromo students of universities and colleges in different parts of the regional state of Oromia took to the streets for peaceful demonstrations in protest to the decision passed by the Federal EPRDF/TPLF-led Government to expand the city of Finfinnee/Addis Ababa by uprooting and displacing hundreds of thousands of Oromos from all sorts of livelihoods, and annexing about 36 surrounding towns of Oromia, the ultimate goal of which is claimed to be redrawing the map of the Oromia Region. The federal annexation plan, which was termed as “The Integrated Development Master Plan,” is said to be covering the towns of Dukem, Gelan, Legetafo, Sendafa, Sululta, Burayu, Holeta, Sebeta, and others, stretching the boundary of Finfinne/Addis Ababa to about 1.1-million hectares – an area of 20 times its current size.



=>gadaa

Egypt wants Sudan to mediate in Nile water tripartite meeting

(KHARTOUM) – The Egyptian minister of irrigation, Hussam Maghazi, said that his country is looking forward to seeing Sudan play an intermediary role in the tripartite meeting which will be held in Khartoum on Monday in a bid to arrive at a satisfactory agreement on the controversial Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD).

An Egyptian farmer holds a handful of soil to show the dryness of the land due to drought in a farm formerly irrigated by the river Nile, in Al-Dakahlya, about 120km from Cairo, on 13 June 2013 (Photo: Reuters/Mohamed Abd El Ghany)

Khartoum will host a new round of talks on Monday and Tuesday which have been going on for the last two years between Sudan, Egypt, and Ethiopia on the Renaissance Dam. The previous three rounds had fallen short of achieving full agreement on the issue.

Maghazi said in press statements on Sunday that his delegation had received political instructions to engage in talks with Ethiopia with an open heart, saying Egypt sees that negotiations is the only available option to arrive at an agreement on the issue.

Khartoum’s meeting seeks to achieve an agreement on a joint mechanism for implementing the recommendations of the International Panel of Experts (IPoE) regarding the GERD.

The IPoE is composed of six representatives each drawn from Ethiopia, Egypt and Sudan, and four other international experts and was established to assess the impact of the dam project on downstream countries.

The Egyptian minister also said his ministry is still considering the project to link the River Nile to the Congo River, but stressed the project would not be a substitute for negotiations on the GERD.

He said the Egyptian side will raise a question in the meeting on whether the Ethiopian side would submit the additional studies requested previously by the IPoE, predicting the latter would make the studies ready in the coming period.

Sudan’s undersecretary of the ministry of water resources and electricity, Musa Omer Abu al-Gasim, said the meeting comes within the framework of his country’s positive and pivotal role towards the Nile basin countries.

He stressed Sudan’s keeness on coordination among partners to utilise water resources to achieve sustainable development for the benefit of the peoples of the region.

Abu al-Gasim further pointed that development in Sudan, 

Egypt and Ethiopia would largely participate to development of the East and North African region.

Sudan’s minister of water resources and electricity, Mutaz Musa, told the official news agency SUNA on Sunday that the meeting represents a good opportunity for convergence and agreement among the three countries, pointing it would put them into the right track regarding the agenda put forward on the negotiations table.

Tripartite meetings had stopped six months ago.

Egypt argues the multi-billion dollars project, which Ethiopia is building along the Nile River near the Sudanese border, would eventually diminish its water share. It further asserts that the dam, which is the largest along the Nile river would reduce the amount of electricity generated by the Aswan Dam and adversely impact its agricultural production.

The IPoE in their final report said Ethiopia’s dam project would not result in any significant harm to the two downstream countries, Sudan and Egypt.

=>sudantribune

Bail justice in Oromia: Denial and delaying of bail as a punishment

• August 26, 2014
• Written by Israel Fayisa
• Published in Opride Contributors

(OPride) — The infamous Addis Ababa master plan is back in the news. Oromo students gathered at various campuses around Oromia for scheduled indoctrination campaigns are asking authorities to table the master plan as one of the agenda items to be discussed during the meetings.

The officials’ refusal to discuss the controversial plan is causing another round standoff between security forces and students at meetings organized under heavy police presence, according to local reports.

Since April, hundreds of Oromo students and activists have been arbitrarily arrested following widespread protests opposing Addis Ababa's unconstitutional expansion into Oromia. So far, none have received justice. Some may forever be locked away without any legal redress given the country's lack of judicial independence. This piece examines hurdles to bail justice in Oromia to pinpoint how prisoners are punished during criminal prosecutions both pre- and post-trial.

Bail is a vital aspect of the criminal justice system. It is one of the rights that suspects enjoy in the pretrial period of criminal cases. By keeping accused persons out of custody before their trial, bail protects the presumption of innocence and other guaranteed rights. In countries such as Ethiopia where the executive branch is the major violator of rights, securing bail for suspects rests mostly on the shoulder of the judge. But because judges lack the independence to serve justice, suspected individuals often languish in jail before guilt is established. 

To improve this dysfunction within Ethiopia's justice system donors have repeatedly shelled out millions of dollars in the name of judicial reform. But the aid money was mostly used to redesign the judiciary to align it with the ruling party's long-term political objectives. In order to disguise their real motives and win support for these "reforms" both at home and abroad, Ethiopian authorities have perfected the use of buzzwords such as automation, case flow management and process re-engineering. However, the main focus of the reform remained curbing the judiciary's capacity to protect human rights and check the ever-expanding power of the executive branch.

Most of the donor money for judicial reform is channeled through the Ministry of Capacity Building and Ethiopia's Federal Supreme Court. The Ministry's former head and point person for the judicial reform program, Tefera Walwa, used to say that ‘judges should be indoctrinated’ with Ethiopia's brand of democracy. Toward that end, in 2009, Walwa introduced and implemented an initiative that put the justice sector, including the courts, under one umbrella leadership. The move eroded the whole notion of judicial independence in the name of a reform program known as business process re-engineering.

To carry out Walwa's indoctrination program, Ethiopia then established training centers dubbed “Justice Organ Professionals Training and Legal Research Institute” in almost all regions of the country. The institutes provide ongoing seminars disguised as "legal" trainings in which judges and justice sector employees are brainwashed about the country's state-led development policy. Since these institutes were established no judge can hold office without its certification.

Bail delaying tactics

The Ethiopian court system works closely with the police and the prosecutor. Police typically investigate crimes and the prosecutors act on behalf of the public to put suspected criminals on trial. The police may sometimes work under the supervision of the prosecutor or together as a team. While the police are also expected to work with the court, in most cases, they go through public prosecutor to bring cases to the attention of a judge.

But instead of law enforcement agents requesting the court for pretrial custody, if it deems necessary, the detainees often bring petitions for bail right to the court through applications. Due process of law is put aside the moment peace enforcement agents arrested people without warrant and kept them as long as they wish. Back to bail justice the process of ruling on bail petitions passes through unpredictable bureaucratic hurdles that include several delaying tactics.

Protests are not tolerated in Ethiopia. Police and intelligence services often violently suppress peaceful demonstrations. Crackdown on protesters is often followed by mass arrest of suspected instigators, leaders and participants. Security forces usually detain, harass and torture suspects to extract confession before they are arraigned in court as required by law.

Under the country's criminal procedure code, the public prosecutor is the respondent to bail petitions. The prosecutor's office usually employs different seemingly legal venues to delay justice. For instance, the prosecutor may respond to the petition alleging that he has no clue about a particular case. The court then either gives the prosecutor more time to obtain the file from the police or orders the police to transfer the file to the prosecutor. But the court does this instead of exercising its power to summon and enquire the police or look into the investigation file if there is one. Once this initial obstruction phase is exhausted, the prosecutor then resorts to another delaying tactic.

Public prosecutors in Oromia do not have any kind of independence personal or institutional. As a result, powerless Oromia prosecutors typically refer politically sensitive cases to the federal prosecutor’s office invoking lack of jurisdiction. By doing so, the prosecutor rules the court in Oromia out of the game. The Oromia bench at the federal prosecution office usually shelves such cases, leaving petitioners in limbo waiting for years on end for a proper due process. This procedural hurdle undermines the pursuit of justice as a whole and leaves people detained for long period of time without trial.

Ethiopia's criminal procedure code requires suspects to submit petition for bail at the nearest court. But by politicizing bail right, the prosecutor's office puts pressure on local courts not to try the case changing bail right to an issue of jurisdiction on the substance of the case. While the argument about jurisdiction is in principle irrelevant in granting or denying bail, the court system is simply too overwhelmed by external pressure to address such issues. Hence, judges sometimes concede that their bench does not have jurisdiction to handle the case covering up their fear-averting tactic. In other cases files are closed with no words on the fate of the petitioner.

In another scenario, the police and the public prosecutor may conspire to fabricate a criminal case to cite against a petitioner of bail. There are list of conditions under the law that restrict bail right. The prosecutor mentions in his response one such condition to make the case non-bailable under the law.

At this point in the process, a given criminal case is not even instituted at the court of law. But when prosecutors mention highly sensitive political cases in their response, some judges do not even give the petitioner a chance to counter prosecutor’s position. They simply dismiss the petition and rule the petition as unbailable simply based on the prosecutor’s statements. For example, I remember when two brothers petitioned for bail and the prosecutor alleged applicants are suspects in a murder and aggravated robbery case. But upon further enquiry into the allegation it was found that there is not even an open probable case investigation let alone such a serious one.

A third possible scenario is where the court itself conspires with the rest of the shaky justice sector organs. I remember a case where a suspect re-applied for bail after serving four years behind the bar for reasons unknown to him. The petitioner was arrested on allegations of teaching Oromo Liberation Front's political program to locals. He was brought to the district court four years earlier where the judge adjourned his case for two weeks and remanded the suspect. But the police did not take the suspect to court on due date nor did the judge order the police or remand center to bring him back to court. The file was shelved as the suspect remained in jail.

Another major delaying tactic is preparing criminal cases against protesters under some of the recently passed laws that restrict the right to bail for government critics. This includes treason laws and anti-terrorism laws under which bail right is almost unavailable. Security forces typically bundle a number of defendants under one file, equating peaceful protests with such political crimes. Defendants are kept in jail for very long time without pretrial bail as the prosecution office prepares evidence to support its trumped up charges. The Supreme Court of Oromia handles many such cases related to the recent student protests.

Still, compared to the manner in which politically sensitive cases are handled, the above scenarios are only the tips of the iceberg. There are thousands of cases where the courts failed to deliver pretrial justice, stand for essential judicial values and protect human rights. In addition to the aforementioned procedural barriers and the weakness of the judiciary, the institution of public defense is almost non-existent in Oromia. The balance of justice is always for the public prosecutor, the right hand of the ruling political party.

Stumbling blocks to granted bail right

Let’s assume that a protester is lucky enough to pass through the above scenarios and has won his/her bail right. She/he would still face further hurdles before enjoying the rights protected by the law. One scenario is a case of the bail applicant missing from the remand center. This happens when friction with the judiciary becomes too untenable or when the dysfunction of the court becomes too public and humiliating. In such cases instead of continuing confrontation with the local court, the suspect will be transferred to another region or a federal prison where Oromia courts do not have jurisdiction.

Now the prison administration authorities can simply show their records and escape responsibility. Case is dead. Right is gone. No one dares to pursue such a case hereafter.

There are also other possible scenarios where the suspect might be granted bail but remain in custody. For example, the police or local administrators can apply direct or indirect pressure on anyone who tries to be a guarantor in politically sensitive cases. I remember my own colleague advising me not to grant bail in a particular case for the sake of the suspect himself. I was told the suspect might be shot dead lest I free him from jail. This example indicates that relatives of the suspect may also receive threats not to seek his release for a better right of the suspect himself i.e. the right to life.

In yet another bureaucratic tactic, the court may grant bail for very high recognizance and refuse to accept the worthiness of guarantors. Rarely but sometimes the registrar or the court clerks may conspire to misplace a specific file so as to delay the release of certain suspects.

Last but not least there are times when the court grants bail but the other authorities refuse to execute the decision. There are numerous incidents of confrontation between the courts and, the police and prison administration because of such resistance to execute court order. Locals are increasingly reporting such incidents from Oromia in relation to those arrested in connection with the recent Oromo protests. In such circumstances police typically prepares a fake case to keep the suspect in custody under the guise of investigating a fresh suit. Over the last decade, as the ‘indoctrination’ campaign took deep roots, it became a common practice for courts in Oromia to settle their differences with the executive branch through consultative negotiation akin to a bargaining forum on judicial independence.

In conclusion, absent judicial independence and the rule of law in Ethiopia as a whole and in Oromia in particular, the hundreds of Oromo protesters currently under arrest are unlikely to win bail justice. Practically, the prosecutor has none or very shallow cases to take to trial in court of law to prove any presumption of guilt beyond reasonable doubt. At the same time, making up a case for thousands of protesters takes expertise, money and time. 

Consequently, the denial and delaying of bail justice is used as a means of collective punishment.

=>opride

Akkaataa Showan Araddoolee Macaa-Tuulama [Boorana Booroo] Itti Dhaale

Bulbulaa Tufaa | Hagayyaa 24, 2014
Seenaan akka nuu ibsutti, bardhibbee 13ffaa keessa, Habashaa keessaa warri, “Nuti Gosa Yuhudaa, qaccee Solomon (Nagade Juda, Ye Solomon zer)” ofiin jedhan maqaa “Amhara” jedhamu qabatanii kaaba irraa gara kibbaatti shiftummaan (banditry) babal’achaa dhufan. Gaaraa fi hallayyaa, Manjee (booda Manz jedhamee waamame), keessatti dhokatanii waggootii dheeraaf jiraachaa turan. Dhuma bardhibbee13ffaa keessa namni Yukuno Amlak jedhamu hoogganaa shiftoota kanaa ta’ee, Agaw irratti duula hamaa bane. Mooti Agaw, nama “Za-Ilmaknun?” jedhamu eegga ajjeesee booda, “mootummaan sanyii Solomon  natti deebite“ jedhee labse.

Bardhibbee 16ffaa keessa sirna bulchiisa Gadaa jalatti gurmaayee kan jiraachaa ture/jiru  uummanni Oromoo, shiftoota babal’achaa deemaa jiran kana irratti haleellaa cimaa fudhate. Hamma dhuma bardhibbee 17ffaa ttii qilee Manjee keessaa  gara baddaa Oromoon bal’inaan jiraatutti  ol bahuu hin dandeenye. Maqaan Showa jedhamus isaanuma wajjiin qilee Manjee keessa ture.

Sanyii  Warra Nagasii fi babal’ina (expansion) Showaa

Calqaba bardhibbee 18ffaa keessa, gareen “Sanyii Solomoon” ofiin jedhu kun, Manjee keessa bal’inaan sosocho’aa dhufe. Isaan keessaa, namni Nagasikiristos Waradeqaal jedhamu, kan bakka Angacha jedhamutti dhalte, uummata Angachaaf akka “baalabbaataatti” hoogganuu eegale. Gosootaa Oromoo naannoo sana jiraatan keessaa kan akka Laaloo, Mammaa fi Geeraa irratti duula saamichaa banee of jala galchuu danda’e. Naannoon kunis, “Manjee” jedhama turee jedhama. Booda keessa, gara “Manz” jedhutti  jijjiirani. Du’a Nagasii boodas, ijoolleen isaa  daangaa Manz kana babal’isuu isaanii itti fufan..

Du’a Nagaasii Kiritos Booda

Du’a Nagaasikiristos booda ilmi isaa Sabastynos  (Sabastiye) kan jedhamu eeboo fi barcuma abbaa isaa dhaale. Sabastyanos yeroo isaa caalaatti kan dabarse obboloota isaa wajjin taayita irratti wallolaa waan tureef, otoo guutuummaatti taayitaa hin dhuunfatiin bara 1729-tti du’e. Du’a isaa booda ilmi isaa Abbiye (Abbuye) kan jedhamu hoogganaa Manze ta’ee eeboo fi barcuma abbaa isaa dhaale bulchaa fi hoogganaa waraanaa ta’ee itti fufe.

Bara Abbiye ture, warri “Sanyii Nagaasii” ofiin jechuu eegaalan kun, fagaatanii deemuudhaan Oromoota naannoo sana jiraatan irratti bal’inaan lola bananii  kan saamuu calqaban. Waggaa 20 eegga ture booda, Abbiyen bara 1745-tti Oromoo Karrayyuu irratti duula banee otoo saamaa jiruu achumatti haalbee Karrayyuuf hirbaata ta’ee hafe.

Showa  Du’a  Abbiyye  Booda

Eegga Abbiyen du’ee booda ilmi isaa Amhaa Iyyaasuu kan jedhamu barcuma fi eeboo abbaa isaa dhaale. Yeroo sanatti Gondor-tti nugusa isaanii kan ture Iyyaasuu 2ffaa kan jedhamu ture. Gargaarsa Iyaasuu 2ffaa irraa argachuuf jecha, Amhaa Iyyaasuu gara Gondor ka’ee deeme. Waan waraanaan saamee argatu irraa  Iyaasuuf gibira galchuuf waadaa galee deebi’ee gale. Warri Gondoris, yeroo sanatti hammayyaa kan ta’e, meeshaa waraanaa matchlock jedhamu badhaasanii galchan. Meeshaa hammayyaa kana qabatee, du’a abbaa isaa gumaa bahuuf jecha Oromoo Karrayyu irratti duule. Qeesiin Habashaa tokko, Atseme Giyorgis kan jedhamu, Afaan Amaaraatiin kan barreesse, namni Bahiru Tafla jedhamu akka Afaan Ingliziitti hiikeetti, ”After defeating the Karrayu of the tribe of Bortuma, Amha Iyasu began to fight the Tuloma of Borana.”, Jedha. 

Akkuma baalabbaatota Habashoota biroo, Amhaa Iyyaasuus, lafa lolaan qaqbate hunda irratti katamaa (military outpost) fi bataskaana (churches) dhaabuu itti fufe. Babal’achaa deemuudhaan, gammoojjii Manjee keessaa yeroo duraaf baddaa Oromoon Galaanii fi Abbichuun bal’inaan jiraatan, bakka “Ankobar” jedhanii moggaasan kana dhufee qubate. Maqaan “Showa” jedhamus gammoojjii Manze keessaa ol’bahee naannoo “Ankobar fi Angolalaatii  yeroo duraaf dhagayamuu calqabe.

Amha Iyaasuu duraan “Merid Azmach Amhaa Iyaasuu” jedhamee waamamaa ture. Eegga naannoo Ankobar dhufee qabatee booda “Ras Amhaa Iyaasuu” jedhaa na waamaa jedhee ajaja dabasse.Nama “Ras” jedhee na waamuu dide, dhiira ‘dhaqna’ isaa, dubartii harma ishiin irraa cira jedhee“awwaaja” baasee labse.

Gabaabumatti yoo ilaalle, maqaan “Showa” jedhamu kan Oromoo irratti ijaaramuu danda’e, “harma muraa fi ‘dhaqna’ ciraa” Oromoo Tuulamaa tiin. Yeroo keessa, Showan Impaayera ijaaree, gara Toophiyaatti of jijjiirre. Naannoo har’a “Showa” jedhamee beekamu kana keessaa, warri Aymallel Guraage jedhaman, Sahile Sellasef lafa jala basaastuu ta’anii hojjechaa turanii jedhu, manguddoonni oolanii bulan tokko tokko. Showa jala galuufis gammachuu malee jibba akka hin qabne irraa dubbatu.

Warrii Amhara Iyaasuu, akkuma lafa qabachaa, katamaa ijaarrachaa, bataskaana dhaabbachaa deeman, maqaan “Showa” jedhus isaanuma wajjin babal’achaa deeme. Biyyi Maccaa-Tuulamaas [Boorana Booroo]maqaa “Showa” jedhamuun  dhaalamaa dhufe.

Showaan maqaa biyyaa, maqaa lagaa, yookiin maqaa gosa tokkoo otoo ta’ee jiraate,  Kaartaa kanaa olitti kaayame kana keessatti qubee “Shewa, ykn Shoa, ykn Showa, ynk Schoua”  jedhamee barreeffamee argama ture.

ShowaDu’a Amha Iyyaasuu Booda

Amha Iyyaasuu eegga du’ee booda, ilmi isaa Asfa Wasan kan jedhamu barcuma abbaa isaa dhaale. Inni ammoo Efraataa fi Gishee biyya jedhaman waraanee qabate. Bara Asfa Wasan ture, maqaan “Showa” jedhamu bal’inaan kan waamamuu calqabe. Yeroo sanatti, Ifat, Ankober, Manz fi Marabeteturan kan iddoo tokkotti walitti qabamanii “Showa” jedhamanii waamamuu eegalan.

Naannoleen kun: Ifat, Ankober, Manz fi Marabete maqaa “Showa” jalatti haa galan malee, Asfa Wasan, hamma illee taanaan, maqaa Showatiin  iddoo tokkotti walitti qabee bulchuu hin dandeenye.

Showa Du’a Asfa Wasan Booda

Asfa Wasan bara 1808-tti du’e. Du’a isa  booda ilmi isaa, Wasan Saggad kan jedhamu “Ras” jedhamee, Ifat, Ankober, Manz fi Marabete maqa Showa-tiin walitti qabee bulchuu calqabe. Wasan Saggadis akkuma abbootii isaa duraanii Oromoota irratti duula adeemsisuu isaa itti fufe. Haa ta’u malee, namni kun lolaan qabachuu irra diploomaasiin (diplomacy) qabachuutti hedduu amanaa turee jedhama. Tooftaa diplomaasii jedhamu kanaan fayyadamaa yeroo duraaf, gosota Oromoo kan akka Waayyuu, Abbichuu fi Galaan wajjiin ‘nagaa’ buusee jiraachuuf fedhii akka agarsiise dubbatama. Saboota amantaa Islaamaa hordofan kan akka Ifaatii fi Affaar wajjin ‘nagaa’ buusee, isaanumti isa gabbaraa akka of bulchan gochuu calqabe.

Haa ta’u malee, ‘Nagaa’ Wasan Saggad barbaadu kun, qeesotaa fi dabtaroota Habashaa biratti akka hamaatti jibbamaa dhufe. Isa ajjeesisuuf irratti malame. Yeroof malli kun fashalu illee, wagga shan booda bara 1815 keessa akka maluma kanaan ajjeefametti himama.

Bara Wasan Saggad, Showaan soorummaan guddatee, humna waraanaa horachuun mootota Habashaa warra Gondorii fi Tigree bulchan caaltee argamte. Kun ammoo baalabbaatota Tigree, (nutis sanyii Solomon warra ofiin jedhan) hedduu waan aarseef  fuuldureen isaanii  “Showa” wajjin nagaa ta’uu akka hin dandeenye tilmaamee lafa kaaye.

Showa Du’a Wasan Sagad Booda

Du’a Wasan Saggad booda ilmi isaa Sahle Sellase kan jedhamu barcumaa fi eeboo abbaa isaa dhaalee ka’e. Maqaa Abbaan isaa ittiin waamamaa ture “Ras” fudhatee Ankobar-tti muudame. Akka manguddoota durii tokko tokko irraa dhagahuu dandeenyetti, Sahle Sellaseen gorsa abbaa isaa irraa argateen ajajamaa, Oromoota wajjin diplomaasii cimsee “soddummaa” illee uumuu danda’ee jedhama.

Haa ta’u malee, “soddummaan”  jedhamu kun, soddummaa dhugaa otoo hin ta’iin, soddummaa sharrii-polotikaa ittiin hojjetan ture. Yeroo sanatti garuu, Oromoonni sharriif ta’uu isaa  waan baran hin fakkaatan. Maaliif  itti hin fakkaanne?  gaafiin jedhu ka’uu ni mala. Deebiin isaa gabaabumatti, aadaa Oromoo keessatti, gaayilummaan firummaa jabeessuuf  uumama  malee sharrii walirratti  ittiin hojjachuu fi diina walitti ta’uuf hin uumamu. Habashoonni garuu siyaasa ittiin hojjechuuf Oromoo wajjin “fudhaa fi heeruma” uumu. Showa heddumminaan, sobaa fi gowwomsaan kan babal’isee ijaare keessaa “soddummaan” isa tokko.(Marriage as a political weapon) Amaarri fuudhaa fi heeruma akka meeshaa waraanaatti fudhatee Oromoo irratti dhimma bahuu isaati. Intala isaanii dhiirri Oromoo akka fuudhu irratti caalaa hojjetu.

Meeshaa waraanaa irratti dabalame, Showa bal’isanii Toophiyaa ijaaruu irratti, polotikaan karaa dubartoota Amaaraa dhiira Oromoo irratti godhamaa ture shoora of keessaa guddaa qaba. Qabxii kana irratti wabii hedduu dhiyeessuun ni danda’ama.

Sahle Sellaseen karaa tokko Oromoo wajjin “fira” fakkaatee innaa “soddummaa” uumu, karaa biraa ammoo Oromoota kan ittiin waraanee balleessu meeshaa waraanaa faranjoota isa bira dhufan irraa argachaa ture. Fakkeenyaaf, meeshaa waraanaa (pistol, matchlock, musket) Inglizootaa fi Faransaayota irraa karaa namoota akka Krapf, Rochet d’Hericourt, fi Harris jedhaman argachaa ture.  Meeshaan ammayaa kun, “Showa”  bal’isee ijaaruu irratti shoora ol’aanaa agarsiise. Warri Manzee, waraana Oromoo isa eeboo fi gaachanaan lolu sana irratti, ol’aantummaa akka argatan taasise.

Bara 1840 keessa meeshaa hammayyaa qabaachuu fi lotltu hamma 50,000tti  horachuun naannoo Sanaa Showan isa duraa ta’ee Awuroophaa biratti beekame. Kana booda, Sahile Sellasen onnee guutuun Gondor irraa of kutee “Ye Shewa Nugus” jedhee Ankobarti muudame. Sanyii Nagasi keessaa Sahile Sellasen “Nugusa” jedhamee beekamuuf isaa duraa ta’ee argame. Bara Sahle Sellase, Shawaan isa duraa irra harka lama ol caalee bal’ate.

Oromoo Maccaa-Tulamaa karaa tokko Meeshaa waraanaa Awurophaa irraa argameen, karaa biraa ammoo siyaasaa fuudhaa fi heerumaan mo’amee Showa jalatti hacuuccaan buluun dirqama itti taate. Qee fi araddaan isaaniis Showan dhaalamaa dhufee, Axee Minilik II bira gahe.

Du’a Sahile Sellase Booda:  Showa, Minilik fi Ethiopia

Du’a Sahile Sellase booda (1813-1847), ilmi ilmaa isaa, Minilik Haiyle Melekot, bara 1886-tti, burqaa Finfinnee human qawween dhufee qabatee masaraa ijaarrate. Lammiiwwan Oromoo kan ta’an kan akka Gullallee, Eekka, Galaan  achi irraa buqqisee ari’e. Ajajaan waraanaa isaa (hoogganaa naxanyootaa) nama Dejazmach Mashasha Seyifu jedhamu ture. Mashashaan Oromoota Finfinnee fi naannoo Finfinnee jiraatan mancaasee kaase. (Mashasha Seyifu ilma Seyifu Sahile Sellase yoo ta’u, Seyifun ammoo Obboleessa Abbaa Minilik, Hayile Melekot.)

Bara Nugus Minilik, Showan of guddisuu bira dabree, impaayera Toophiyaa ijaaruu danda’e. Minilik ammoo nugusa Showa ta’uu irra dabree “Ye Itiyoophiyaa Nuguse-Negest (Emperor of Ethiopia) jedhamee bara 1889-tti Finfinnee-tti muudame. Bara 1907 ti du’ee jedhama. Haa ta’u malee, duuni isaa ifa kan godhame  bara 1913-tti.

Hayile Sellasee fi Showa

Bara Nugus Hayile Sellasee(1892-1975), Showan laga Awaashiin cehee, Riift Vaalii keessa  kutee Arsii irraa lafa guddaa  ofti dabalate. Itti aannsee biyya Hadiya fi Kambaataa Showa jalatti galchee, Ye-Showa “Xaqilaay Gizaat” (Showa Governorate General) jedhee daangesseee kaaye. Bakka isaa ta’ee kan bulchu, “inderaase” jedhee moggaafate.

Daangaan Showa, karaa bahaa hamma laga Awaash-tti. Karaa Lixaa, hamma  laga Gibee-tti, karaa Kibbaa, Shashamannee dabre hamma laga Guraachatti, karaa Kibba-dhihaa (northeast) hamma laga Abbayyaa-tti, karaa Kibbaa hamma dangaa Wallo-tti diriiree ijaarame. Isuma kana ammoo,  mootummaan Mangistuu Hayile Maariyaam (Dargii) maqaa Showa  otoo hin jijjiiriin naannolee shanitti hiree seenaa isaanii balleesse.

Mangistu Hayile Maaryaam Fi Showa

Bara Dargii ammoo duraan “Ye Showa xaqilaay Gizaat” kan jedhamaa ture, gara “Ye Showa Kifle Hager”jedhamutti jijiiramee, zoonii  shanitti hirame. Naannooleen maqaa seena-qabeessa duriin waamamaa turan, ni haqaman. Fakeenyaaf duraan:

1. Jibaati-Macca [Ambo] jedhamee kan waamamaa ture, Mi’iraab Showa jedhame.
2. Eerer-Karrayyuu [Adaamaa] kan ture, Misraaqi Showa jedhame.
3. Salaale [ Fiichee] kan jedhamaa ture: Sameen Showa jedhame
4. Hayiqochinnaa Buttaajira: kan  maqoolee Shashamannee, Nageellee Arsii, Adaamii Tulluu, Bulbulaa kkf of keessa qabu, Debuub Showa [Haroo Dambal] (Zaay) jedhame.
5. Caboo fi Guraagee[ Waliso] Debuub-Mi’irab Showa jedhame.

Xummuura

Oromoon Maccaa-Tuulama [Boorana Booroo] yeroo yeroon lafa seena-qabeessa isaa dhabaa, araddaan isaa Showan mulluqamaa dhufe. Waraanni Oromoo yeroo sanaa, kan sirna Gadaa jalatti abbaa duulaan hoogganamu, falmii cimaa godhu illee, diina meeshaa hammayyaa hidhatee lolaa jiru sana injifachuu hin dandeenye. Kun dhugaa ta’uu isaa kan mirkaneessu keessaa barreessaan tokko akkana jedha:

“The king’s [ Minilik’s] army fought against tribes  [Oromo tribes] who have no other weapons but a lance a knife and shield, while the Amahras always have in their army several thousand rifles, pistols and often a couple of cannon.”

Biyyi Maccaa-Tuulama [Boorana Booroo] keessumaa waggaa 130 asii kaasee, maqaa “Showa” jedhamuun dhaalamee waamamaa jira. Maqaan kun, maqaa daangaa cabsee, seenaa dabsee, lubbuu baase (ajjeesee) ilmaan Macaa-Tuulama [Boorana Boroo] irratti fe’amee jira. Seenaa dhalootaa, seenaa lammummaa, seenaa firummaa, seenaa jaalalaa yookiin seenaa abbaa biyyummaa Oromummaa wajjin hin qabu.

Akkuma gosoota Oromoo biraa, Maccaa-Tuulamni eegga garbummaa jalatti kufe irraa kaasee, biyyi isaa “Showa” jedhamee,  maqaan isaas “Ye Showaa Gaallaa” jedhamee akka waamamu sirna nafxanyootaa ta’ee argame. Waamamuu  duwwaas  otoo hin ta’iin, baruma baraanaraddaa akaakilee isaa irraa buqa’ee ari’amuun carraa isaa ta’ee argame.

Sirni nafxanyaa durii, kan Manzee Amaaraan hoogganama ture,“Showa Master Plan ” baafatee Gullelee, Eekka, Galaan kkf buqqisee Addis Ababa irratti ijaare. Bar-dhibbee 21ffaa kana keessa ammoo, sirni  nafxanya Wayyaanee-Tigray  warra hafan irratti murtii ‘du’aa’  maqaa  “Addis Ababa Master Plan” jedhamuun  dabarse  irratti  hojjechaa jira.

Egaa, maal ta’uu qaba?  Qabsoo Oromoon “Master Killer” Wayyanee wajjin gochaa jiru kun, Showas addaan baasee waan ilaaluuf hin qabu. “Showa” jechuu, mancaasi!, ajjeesi!, saamii-saamsisi! jechuu irraa kan hafe hiikaa biraa qabaachuu hin danda’u. Showan, “Master killer”, bardhibbee 19ffaa keessa, sirni Nafxanyaa Amaaraa ittiin Oromoo mancaase fixe dha.  Waan ta’eefis, keessuumaa  Oromoo Maccaa-Tuulama irraa manca’ee baduu qaba.

===============================//=============================

Barroolee kana  mee  dubisaa:

1. Asma Giyorgis: History of the Galla And the Kingdom of Showa (trans) Bahiru Tafla.  Stutgart: 1987
2. Darkwah, R.H. Kofi. Shewa, Menelik and the Ethiopian Empire 1813-1889. London, 1975

Appendix

Jechii “showa” jedhu maal irraa akka madde mee barreessaa Obboo Bulloo Sholee kana dubbisaa. Kanuma  wajjin “jechi “Amhara” jedhus maal irraa akka maddee fi hiikaa attamii akka qabu baruunis,  rakkina “Ethiopian” of keessaa qabdu  kana namaa qulqulleeessuu keessatti shoora qabachuu danda’a.

25/07/2014
Jechi Shawaa (shoe) jedhu eessaa madde?

Shawaa(shoe) jechi jedhu kan kenname Konyaa Manzee fi Marraabeetif
ture. Jechi Shawa (Shoe) jedhu afaan warra Hibiruu (Isiraa’el) yoo
ta’u innis “King valley’ afaan (Oromootin sulula mootii) jechaadha
ykn (Afaan Amaaratiin ye negus shalaqoo) jechuudha. Kitaaba qulqulluu
keessaa fudhatanii itti fayyadaman. Akkuma  Adaaman “Naaziret” jedhan
sana  godhan. Bibile afaan ingiliziitin  GENESIS 14 : 5,17 ilaalaa.
Afaan amaaratiin “Oriiti zefixirat 14: 5,17 ilaalaa.
Kan Ingiliffaa akkas jedha. Duraan dursee Genesis 13: 18 irratti
akkasiin eegala.
“18,So Abram moved his tents and went to live near the great of Mamre
at Heborn, were he built an altar to the Lord.”
Genesis, 14:5 In the fourteenth year, Kedorlaomer and the kings allied
with him went out and defeated the Rephaites in Ashteroth Karmaim, the
Zuzetes in Ham, the Emirets in Shaveh Kiriathaim 6 and the Hoprites in
the hill country of  seir,”…
Genesis 14:17 After Abram returned from defeating Kedorlaomer and the
kings alied with him, the king of Sodom came out to meet him in the
Valley of Shaveh (that is,the kings valley)….
Bible Afaan Amaaraa immoo akkas jedha.
ኦሪትዘፍጥ 13:18 ስለዚህአብራምድንኳኑንነቅሎበኬብሮንየመምሬየተቀደሱየወርካዛፎችወደአሉበት
ስፍራለመኖርሄዳ።እዚያለእግዜብሔርመሠዊያሠራ።
ኦሪትዘፍጥ 14:5 በዐሥራአረተኛውዓመትኮዶርለዖሜርናከእርሱጋርየተባበሩትነገሥታትከነሠራዊቶቻቸው
መጥተውረፈያውያንን፡በሀሽተሮትቀርናይም፡ዙዛውያንን፡በሃም፡ጎማውያንንበሻዌቂርያታይም፡ 6 የሖር
ሰዎችንም፡በተራራማውአገርበሴዒር፡በበረሐውአጠገብእስካለውእስከኤልፋራንባለውስፍራድልነሰቸው።
ኦሪትዘፍጥ 14፡17 አብራምከዶርለዖማርናከእነርሱጋርአብረውየነበሩትንነገሥታትድልአድርጎሲመለስ
የሶዶምንጉሥ “የንጉሥሻለቆ” እየተባለበሚጠራውበሻዌህሸለቆሊቀበለውወጣ።(ኦሪትዘፍጥ 14፡17)
Duraan dursee, kaaba Gonder (bal’inaan Waagaraa fi Cilgaa) keessakan
turan Falaashonni (Isiraa’elonni) turan. Warri kun Kuushota (Qimaanti,
Beejjaa, Agawu Oromoo, Daamootee kkF)waliin nagaan jiraachaa turan.
Boodaa keessa Habashoonni (Tigree fi Amhaaraa) aangoo naannichaa
dhuunfachuuf ennaa wal dhibaa turan, warri Falaashas (Isiraa’eloonni)
hooggana mataa isaanii filatanii aangoo Aksuumitti madheeffate
qabachuuf yaalaa turan. Garuu habashoonni itti cimanii (keessahuu
Amaaronni)of irraa ittisuu bira taranii Falaashota laf irraa fixan.
Lafti isaanii baayyee bo’aa bahii waan ta’eef. Ciraa isaanii fixuu hin
dandeenye. Keessahuu eega amantiin kiristaanaa naannootti jabaachaa
dhufe warra Falashaa kanaan “Saqaaliyaan” (Warra Iyyasuus fannis)
jedhanii baayyee isaan jibbu ture.
Warri Falaashaa(Yehudaa) kun yeroo aangoo qabachuuf socho’an sana nama
Geediyoon ykn maqaa biraa Joshowwa jedhamu ture. (Duri Joshowwaa kan
jedhamu immoo, Musee fi Yoosefitti aanee yehodoota ennaa Gibxi irraa
bahan, bakka Amma jiran kanaan kan gaheedha.)
Falaashoonni(yehudoonni) boodaa gaafa mo’ataman hoggannii isaanii sun
harka kennate, gabbaruuf walii galan. Irra jireessi isaanii amantii
Jews (yahudaa, isa kan muse) dhiisanii Ortoodoksii habashaa hordofuu
eegalan. Akkasumas fuudha fi heerumaan Amaaratti makamuu jalqaban.
Haala kanaan yeroo amanticha fudhatan, kan isaanis isa “Qidaamiti”(
Saturday) ykn “Sabath” jedhamu akka waliin fudhatamu taasisan.
Guyyaa lachuu waliin kabajuu (Sanabataa fi Dilbata) walii galanii,
sanuma qabatanii gara aangoo mootummaa Amaarati ol bahan.
Mootiin habashaa jalqabaaf “Qidaamitii fii Ihud” (Sanbataa fi
Dilbanni) akka waliin kabajamu kan seeran labse namicha Axee
Zarayaa’iqoob jedhamu ture.
Babal’ifannaa Amantii fii lafaa irratti hundaayuun habashoonni
jalqabaaf dhuma jaarraa 13ffaa fi jalqaba jaarraa 14ffaa basaastoota
(qeesotaa fi moloksee) bakka amma Manzee fi Marraa beetee jedhamu
seenan. Isaan irraan Waraanni hangi tokko dhufee mooraa waraanaa
allayyaa sana keessatti bu’ureeffatan.
Itti fufa.

Bulloo

=>ayyaantuu

TPLF's Regime Coercion Of Students Into Obliged Membership Training Is Morally And Politically Wrong; Intellectually Inadmissible!!

 By Denboba Natie., Edinburgh, Scotland

 August 23, 2014

The current TPLF led authoritarian Ethiopian regime is doing what exactly the Derg's regime has on its final phase done by obliging students of higher institutions to be coerced into doing totally and utterly irrelevant trainings. The predecessor of the current has vanished immediately after it has taken such illogical actions, yet the current is hanging onto power adopting different tactics as it has recruited fake representatives from various nations of the country under the pretexts of representations which hasn’t existed in the past 23 years.  

Such action of the current TPLF's regime which chose to stay in power by terrorising and intimidating the subjects is simply ideological fornication and moral manipulation of future generation of the country; both actions potentially depriving the subjects' ability to maximise his/her potential to be an independent and free thinker with potential to be inventor and pioneer; ultimately good humane with sense of balanced judgements and social responsibilities. The coerced trainings of the students of higher institution by the current regime is a poisonous cocktail for the forward looking, tender brained youth of the country which potentially subjects them to be simple instruments of the system who don’t have minds of their own-if they became the subjects of such manipulations.   

Whether this is actually TPLF’s final phase but it is undoubtedly the tale-tale sign that the regime doesn’t comfortably stay on power for long time. It is a matter of time for this rotten regime to be dismantled from its very foundation with its filthy apparatuses. The question is whether an effective alliances could be forged between the oppressed various nations of the Empire to facilitate its inevitably final demise. Doing so isn’t impossible but challenging and demands a lot of dedicated work towards this end.

If any regime of given country does socially responsible activities; its subjects can negotiate their ways through by accommodating concerned leaders. If peoples’ needs are partially satisfied, peoples naturally accommodate any governmental authorities. However, if the peoples of given country are coerced into accepting something politically incorrect, logically and morally unacceptable for variety of reasons-and more essentially people are denied basic necessities; only force and military might don't resolve the underlying causes created by a political mismanagement of the system itself. History time and again affirms this.

In particular if the regime on power has got a constitution which states the rights and obligations of citizens in black and white; yet ignores respecting these by choosing to rather enforce its blockage by literally terrorising those who demand for it; doing so technically if there were an independent judiciary systems and the rule of law, such a regime could be automatically regarded as unlawful or illegal. Thus, such regime can’t survive for so long whatever the force the regime might adopt to silence its subjects.

The current TPLF dominated regime uses such constitution to stifle freedom of expression, assembly and association other than its own party. The various nations’ peoples of the empire are massacred, harassed, displaced from their lands, continually terrorised and made to feel utterly powerless by the actions of this very regime during its last 23 years tenure. This regime has got a constitution unequivocally guaranteeing various nations of the empire to unrestricted rights to self-governance, freedom of expression and assembly; in practice not only denies practicing these all rights but also for the first time it has amalgamated 56 nations of the south Ethiopia into a pressure cooker with the aim of expropriating their rich resources; fully ditching the concept of its Ethnic federalism into deeper ocean.

The current coerced trainings of higher institutions students seems to be the final gasp of the regime to stay on power by recruiting fresh bloods to its filthy and undemocratic establishments. Whether it works for this morally bankrupt, politically inapt and socially unjustifiable regime whose leaders and messengers defiantly massacre and terrorise citizens with impunity, will time tells. Besides, the regime has indeed coerced the students into such hitherto unknown kind of coerced, sexed up political ideology trainings with pure aim of brainwashing the future generation of the country to make them the puppets of extremely bankrupt regime whose legitimacy has been significantly diminished.

As we all saw what the current regime has done to individual and the whole peoples of the country, what kind of futurity do we expected if these new generations are bewitched into accepting the poisonous agendas inoculated by the TPLF’s regime with undemocratic, criminal, repressive and morally corrupt ideologies?     

What is the reason for keeping their thread on? Why the regime whose credibility has gone to zero is allowed to continually dehumanise and depersonalise us all under various pretexts? Can we all afford a kind of systematic slavery, deliberately induced poverty, imprisonments of 100,000s of innocent civilians who have done nothing other than demanding their fundamental rights written in the constitution of this very regime? I would leave the reader to ponder with the following questions.  

Can we see the way out of such mess in short period of time? If yes how? And if not why?

Denboba Natie, August 23, 2014

=>sidamanationalregionalstate

“Too’anna Da’umsaaf Koriyaan Itophiyaa Gargaaruufi” Oromoo waan tuqu qabaa laata? ; “Korea to Help Ethiopia with Birth Control” Is there implication for the Oromo?

By Ibsaa Guutama

Hagayya 21, 2014 (Gubirmans) — Bara durii duriitii kaasee madaala uumaa, lafa, diinagdee fi kan dhimma itt bahanii eeguuf falli too’annaa da’umsaa shakalama ture. Sun madda qabeenyaa yaraa hirmachuu, fayyaa haadhaa fi ilmoo eeguu fi akka karoora fascistootaatt immoo qulqullummaa sanyii eeguuf gargaara jedhameetu.

August 21, 2014 (gubirmans) — Birth control schemes had been used from ancient times to the present for the purpose of keeping natural balance between land, economy and users. That is supposed to help sharing scarce resources, protect health of mother and child and also to maintain purity of race in cases like fascist policies of eugenics. The Oromo love for children are phenomenal.

Jaalalli Oromoon ijoolleef qabu hammana hin jedhamu. Oromoon yeroo hunda ijoollee guddifachuuf qophee turani. Warri Oromoo naannichaaf akka galma qaallota jara lixaa bakka ijoollee hin barbaadamne itt gatanii ture. Ijoollee godhatanii fi guddifatan gidduu sanyiin haa ta’uu ogooman fanfanuun hin turre. Taadhomni eebba Waaq karaa Ateetee dhufutt amanama. Dhabduun taadhomuuf Ateetee yoo kadhattu kan ilmoo argatan karaa see Waaqa faarfatu. Ilmoon dhalachuun gammachuu addaa warraaf yoo fidu dhabduuf mararfannoo argamsiisa. Dhabuu, salleessuu kkf karaa Uumaan baayyina namaa itt to’atu keessaa hamma tokko. Namooti yeroo ilmoo guddisuuf hin qophoofne saala lagatu turani. Humnaan taadhoma dhaabuun hin beekamu ture. Si’ana sabi Oromoo dhukkuba daddarbu, busaa, balaa uumaa akka bubbee roobaa, beela, dhukkuba taraa fi kkfnin dorsifamaa jiraa. Oromo garri caalu, Uumaan ilmoo abbaa barbaadu kennee kan hin barbaanne waan dhowwatuuf eenyuu hojii saa keessa seenuu hin qabu jedhu. Garuu hawaasi ammayyaan dilormaan (lakkoofsi namaa) hammaa bahuun lafaa fi wanti ittiin jiraatan hanqachuu danda’a jedhanii yaadda’aa jiru. Kanaaf mala adda addaa ittiin da’umsa too’atan, akka laguu, qaama ofii dhaggeeffachuu fi danqaa adda addaatt dhimma bahuu yaada kennuu. Hindiin addunyaa keesssaa biyyoota dilorma gudaa qaban keessaa isa lammafaa ture. Imaammati maseensaa Indiraa Gaandii waca guddaa akka kaasee fi dhuma irrati kufaatii seef kaasaa tahuun ni yaadatama. Karaa biraa mmoo utuu mootummaan keessa hin seenin dilormaan biyyoota hedduu misanii gadi guddachuun 0 % gad darbuu fi yartuu qofti “taadhoma bakka buusaa” kan jedhamu (dubartiin ilmoolee akka baayyinni dilormaa gadi hin buune qofa taasisu itt godhatan) keessa akka jirantu mullata. Hamma yoonaa imaammata warraa biyyoota misanii duuba madaala sanyii fi gitaa eeguuf dira’inni jiraachuu dhiisuu dhugaatt hin beekamu. Garuu kan Itophiyaaf mamii sirinyaa qabna. Empayerri Itophiyaa bara hundaa to’annoo abba hirrootaa garajaboo jala akka turte beekamaa dha. Dilormaa kolonotaa garri caalaan Oromiyaa kan tahe gad cabsuuf mala hedduutt dhimma bahaniiru. Mootummaan amma jiru isaan irraa adda miti. Gochaa fi irra darbuun dilormaa Oromo yarsuuf mala adda addaa dhahe jira. Beekaa ajjeechaa seermalee fi lafarraa buqqisa qacceefixaa gad hin taanee hojii irra olchee. Ijoollee Oromoo loltummaan foo’ee yeroo lola saa garmalee, miinoo irraa oofuun ficcisiiseera. Oromoon dhaqanii dhumuuf kan guuraman fedha malee yk bu’aa bubuutuun sossobamanii ture. Naannaa beelli galett hedduun kan dhuman, yeroon dhaqabuufii dhabuuni. Oromoon magaalaa fi baadiyyaa qeyee saaniirraa buqqifaman biyyuma ofii keessatt kan qaban saamamanii karaarratt darbamuun bakka qubatan dhabanni. Bishaan saanii fi lafti saanii haddhaan faalamuun nagaa saanii fi kan horii saan irra hamaa geessiseera. Magaalaa mummitii Oromiyaa Finfinnee keessatt ulaagaan dorgomuu afaan Amaaraa beeku wan godheef ijoolleen Oromoo hojii argachuu hin dandeenye. Magaalaa muummittii keessatt waabarii ambaa waan hin argamsiifneef ijoollee Oromoo barumsatt saaqaa dhabsiiseera. Kurnan sadiyiif Oromoo akka nyaaphaa saa sadarkaa tokkoffaatt fudhachuun kan manca’uu yk sadarka saatt gadi buufamuu qabu jedhee fudhateera. Oromoon badii irraa ooluu fi qabaa seermalee jalaa birmadoomuuf lolataa jiru. Kan qabatee gara saatiin olhaantummaa saa itt fufuuf lolataa. Kanaaf karoorri baafatu hundi gara sanatt kan geessuu tahuu akka qabu ifaa dha. Karoorri guddina dilormaa isaan wuxiname sanaan adda hin tahu. Karaan doofaa inni baayyina namaa gad cabsuuf baafate, ajjeechaa, qeyee buqqisa, hidhaa, biyyaa ariisaa fi guraaraan sangoomsi hin quufsineenii. Kanaaf guddina dandeettii saa ol kaafafatee lakkofsa Oromoo hamma danda’amutt quucarsuuf mootummoota alaa fi kubbaaniyyoota afeerrataa jira. Oromiyaaan qabaa jala jirtii. Kan qabate hafee mootummaa ofii kennatanuu wan dhuunfaa fi warraa irratt amanuun rakkisaa dha. Mootummaa qabate hafee kan ofii kennatanuu dhimma dhuunfaa fi warraa kan akka too’annaa da’umsaa ta’ett e amanuun enyuufuurakkisaa dha. Yeroo sabichii roorroo ango qabeessaa, imaammata beekaa callisanii beela irra darbuu, AIDS, busaa fi dhibee biraan dorsifamaa jiru waa’ee too’annaa da’umsaa Oromiyaa dubbachuun gamnummaa miti, Sanatt dabalatee waraana isaan hin laalletti giddisiifamuun dilormaa saanii keessaa gara guddaa dhabaa jiru. Kooriyaan hamilata safuu tahe akkasii irratt tumsuufiin tolaa saa irra hamaa saatu caalaa. Bara mootii mootichaatii kaasee waajjirri karoofata warraa Shaggariin ture. Haadholii waa’ee fala akka laguu fi yeroo eeggachuu barsiisaa turani. Waa’ee danqaa fi farreenrimaa (contraceptives) biraas hubachiisaniiru. Kana irra darbee ogummaa alaa wanti barbaachiseef jira ta’aa. Karoori warraa Itoophiyaa hanga yoonaa dhimma itti hin bahin jiraatinnaa jedhamu fala maseensaa kan Koriyaan Kibbaa muuxannoo fi ogummaa itt qabu. Kanaaf hamaa haamilati kun fiduu dandahu sabboonoti dammaqanii hordofuu qabu. Dandeettii saa argannaan akka dargaggoo Oromoo keessaayyuu hidhamtoota 90% ol Oromoo tahan irratt hin shaakalle iggitiin hin jiru. Oromoo murna taa’omaa keessa jiran deegaa haa tahuu badhaadhaa fedha abbaa irratt xiyyeefamee malee eenyuu surrii akka dhiqu itt dhiifamuu hin qabu. Kan Oromoon fedhu barumsa qajeelaa iyyaatii barbaachisaatt saaqaa baanuuf malee too’annaa dahumsaa miti. Addunyaa keessatt kan hubatamaa jiru akka warri baratee fi magaalawe lakoofsi ilmaan qabaatanii dangeeffama tahee dha. Maqaa warraa fi of tursuuf dharraan dudhaan ilmoof qaban amma hin mullatu. Gudddinni teeknooloojii hamma hin qabnee dubartii fi dhiira hojjetanii buluu carraaqaniif ilmoo qabaachuun baa’aa itt taha jira. Kanaaf qooda fudhannaa mootummaa malee dilormaan sadarkaa yaaddesutt 0% gad gara -0tt bu’aa jira. Kanaaf maseenummaa fafeessaa irra barumsa rogaa fi deettii du’a daa’imaa gadi buusuu irratt xiyyeeffachuun caalaa gumaachuu danda’a. Bulcha Itiyoophiyaa imaammata dilormaa irratt amanuun, waan walfakkaatuuf Hitilariin amanuu irra hin wayyuu. Kan beekamuu qabu akka bulchi Itophiyaa fedha Oromoo hin wakkalle. Gargaarsa argatu kamuu Oromoo qaamaa fi hamileen butuchuuf akka dhimma itt bahamu beekamuu qaba. Waliigalatt deettiin guddina dilormaa Empayera Itophiyaa sadarkaa rifachiisaa hin geenye. Statistiksiin kenname madda amanamaa irraa argame yoo jenne biyyoota 233 keessaa kudha arfaffaa dha. Oromiyaan waan dilormaa gad cabsan akka balaa nama fi uumaan dhaqabsiisaniitt saaxilamtuu dha. Balaa caalaatt saaxiluun, dandeettii diigota akkasii ol kaasuufiin bulchi Itophiyaa fixaqaccee qaata oofaa jiru caalaaf jajjabeessuu ta’aa. Bakka moo’ummaan falmamaa jirutt gartokko goranii gargaaruun hangameessa kamiinuu qajeelaa hin ta’u. Oromo wayyabi kan fedhan filachuuf iyyaatiitt saaqaa hin qabani. Akka akeekaatti karoorri warraa akkaa,madala dilormaa eeguu qofaaf utuu hin ta’in nageenya dhalootaas waan gargaaruuf nammuu mormii hin qabu. Haa tahu malee kan dhimma itt bahan waan inni dhaqabsiisuu dandahu dursanii beekanii guddifachuuf fedhuu qabu. Sun jedhamus, halagaan Oromoof murteessuu hin dandahu. Kanaaf waliigalanii rimsama karoora warraa isaanii tahu keessa facaasuun qooda beekota Oromo, keessaayyuu cireessotaa fi qubqabsisotii Oromo walabaati. Mirga ilmoo namaaf kan falmanis dhimma kanaaf hiriirsuu dandahuun anjaa qaba. Naannaa karoora warraa mootummaa shaakalli badaan akka jiraachuu dandahu ummata dammaqsuu dha. Hamaa sabicha qabame irra marsaa jiruf kun hamaa dabalataati. Hundaafuu baraar haajennuu!! Ulfinaa fi surraan gootota kufaniif; walabummaa, walqixxummaa fi bilisummaan kan hafaniif; nagaa fi araarri Ayyaana abboolii fi ayyoliif haa tahu! Ibsaa Guutama Hagayya 2014

Oromo are always willing to adopt children. For the region Oromo families of olden days were like convents in western countries where unwanted children were dropped. They make no difference between children they begot or adopted from any race or caste. Fertility is considered a blessing of Waaq through the Ayyaanaa “Ateetee”. One who is barren prays Ateetee for fertility while those that are bestowed with children praise Waaq through her. The birth of a child brings special joy to the family and society and sympathy to the childless. Being barren, miscarriages etc. are birth control methods of Nature among other things. People used to abstain from sexual activities when they are not ready for a child. A forced curbing of fertility by the powerful and its allies was unknown to them. At present Oromo nation’s population is under threat of dwindling by epidemic, AIDS, malaria, natural calamity, famine, common deceases, etc. Majority Oromo believe that the Creator gives and denies off springs and no one should interfere with his work. But modern societies are worried about the possible overpopulation that available land and means of subsistence may not be able to support. For that reason they suggest different methods of birth control like abstinence, rhythm and barrier methods. India was the second populous country in the world. It will be remembered that the sterilization policy of Indira Gandhi said to have been directed against poor men and political opponents created great uproar and her ensuing downfall. On the other hand populations of highly developed countries have gone down below zero growth rates with only very few in what is called replacement fertility rate (women producing babies enough to sustain population levels). So far we cannot say for sure if there are sinister motives to balance race and class behind s world family planning policy of developed countries. But we have serious doubts about those of Ethiopia. The Ethiopian Empire has always been controlled by ruthless dictators. They had used different methods to reduce population of their colonies, the greater part of which is Oromiyaa. The present government is no different. It has tried to reduce Oromo population by commission and omission against its own laws. It has engaged intentionally in illegal killings and dislocations to a level of genocide. It has exposed Oromo recruits to its army to danger by driving them over mine fields during its senseless wars. The Oromo were mobilized without their will or lulled by remuneration to go and die in masse. Several have died in famine stricken areas of Oromiyaa being denied timely attention. Oromo dislocated from their homestead in urban and rural centers had been thrown to the streets in their own country after being robbed all they had. Their water and soil is poisoned affecting their s and their animal’s wellbeing. It has made it impossible for Oromo youth to get jobs in their own capital making knowledge of Amharic criteria for competing. I t has denied several Oromo youth access to learning in their own language by not making public schools available in capital of Oromiyaa. It has come for three decades considering the Oromo nation as its number one enemy that has to be destroyed or reduced to its level. The Oromo are fighting for their survival and freedom from illegal alien occupation. The occupier on its part is fighting to continue its domination. Therefore all policies that it makes are meant to help it towards that end. Population growth policy drawn by it cannot be different. Its crude means of reducing population increase, killing, dislocation, imprisoning, chasing out of the country and castrating by torturing did not satisfy it. Therefore it is inviting foreign governments and companies to enhance its capability in diminishing Oromo number to the smallest possible size. It was announced that South Korea is going to assist Ethiopian Empire in controlling population of its colonies. (English chosun.com 07/11/140). According to CIA World Factbook 2013 population growth rate in Ethiopia and S. Korea are 2.89 and 0.16 respectively. As a result of its family planning policy South Korea’s birth rate dropped from 6.1 in 1960 to the present level. South Korea is going to transfer experience it gained from that policy which included sterilization. It is promising to help Ethiopia to reduce “its population” with input of W2.2 billion (US$ 2157386?) and expertise. From its population size the target could be no other than Oromiyaa. One of the reasons for Habashaa elites for fearing democracy is the largeness of Oromo in numbers. Family planning may help leveling that. Oromiyaa is under occupation. Let alone an occupying power it is difficult for anyone to trust even own elected government on personal and family matter like birth control. When the nation is under threat of being wiped out by abuse of power and intentional policy of passing in silence famine, AIDS, malaria and other deceases, it would be unwise for anyone to talk of birth control in Oromiyaa. Over and above that they are losing big chunk of their population as a result of being forced to take part in wars that do not concern them. The collaboration of South Korea in such unethical colonial project will be more harmful than good. There was a family planning office in Finfinnee since the time of the Emperor. They had been teaching mothers about methods like abstinence and rhythm technics. They had also made them aware of barriers and other contraceptives. There must be another method that required foreign expertise. Sterilization is a method in which South Korea’s has experiences which Ethiopian family planning might have not used so far. Therefore it is the obligation of all Oromo nationals to be on guard against possible harm this project might entail. Once the regime gets the knowhow there is no guarantee that it would not use it on prisoners which are more than 90% Oromo. No one should be allowed brainwashing Oromo fertile age grade poor or rich without free will of the target group. What Oromo need is proper education that could give them access to necessary information not birth control. From what is observed throughout the world educated and urbanized family have limited off springs. The traditional desire of having children for family name and sustenance is no more valid for them. Highly developed technology has made children more of a burden for struggling working men and women. As a result population is going down without needing government involvement. It has gone down to worrisome level of below 0% and even zero minus. Therefore, concentrating on educating the population and decreasing infant mortality works better than crippling sterilization. Trusting the Ethiopian regime on population policy will not be less dangerous than trusting Hitler for the same purpose. What everyone should understand is that the Ethiopian regime does not represent Oromo interest. Any help it gets will be used to crush the Oromo physically and psychologically. Overall, population growth rate of the Empire is not that alarming. Taking the given statistic as driven from reliable source, it ranks 14th out of 233 countries. Oromiyaa is vulnerable to so many manmade and natural calamities that reduce its population. To expose it for more of those calamities by raising destructive skill for the regime would amount to encouraging it for more genocide than it is already committing. In a situation where sovereignty is contested to side one against the other will not be fair by any standard. Majority of Oromo are having no access to information to choose between options. In principle one may not be opposed to ethical family planning for it helps not only population balance but also for the development of healthy generation. However those that receive have to be aware of the consequences and willing to adopt it. Even then aliens should not decide for the Oromo. Therefore it is incumbent up on all Oromo knowledgeable in particular Oromo health experts and Oromo free media to collaborate in disseminating the concept of family planning best fitting them. They have also to be able to rally human right advocates for the purpose. The people should be made aware of the possible existence of malpractice around regimes family planning. This is another danger added to the danger already looming over the occupied nation. Let us say save us from every thing evil!! Honor and glory for the fallen heroines and heroes; liberty equality and freedom for the living and nagaa and araaraa for the Ayyaanaa of our fore parents! Ibsaa Guutama August 2014